PATTERN OF INVASION OF A NONINDIGENOUS CYPRINID AND POTENTIAL SHIFTS IN NATIVE FISH ASSEMBLAGE STRUCTURE by Alice Margaret Best A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Auburn University In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Auburn, Alabama August 2, 2014 Keywords: land use, pine monoculture, Tennessee River, Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway Approved by: Carol E. Johnston, Chair, Professor of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences Sharon Hermann, Assistant Professor of Biological Sciences Patrick E. O?Neil, Director, Ecosystems Investigation Program, Geological Survey of Alabama ii ABSTRACT Invasive species increasingly threaten global biodiversity with faunal homogenizations and are of specific concern in the highly diverse aquatic systems of the Southeast United States. However, patterns of invasion and variables influencing invasion success remain poorly understood. This study had the unique opportunity to follow the introduction, establishment, and invasion processes of nonindigenous Weed Shiner (Notropis texanus, Family: Cyprinidae), and to investigate potential shifts in the native fish assemblage in Bear Creek, Alabama and Mississippi, USA, following introduction from the Mobile Basin via the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. Weed Shiner?s invasion pattern, based on historical and contemporary fish assemblage surveys from 1998 to 2013, was established by GIS mapping. Shifts were evaluated using Jaccard and Morisita similarity indices and nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination. Since first observed in Bear Creek in 2007, Weed Shiner rapidly expanded in range and abundance until 2012 when is range contracted and 2013 when abundances declined. Weed Shiner currently persists at the most human-impacted, downstream sites in Bear Creek. Despite the rapid proliferation of Weed Shiner 2007 ? 2012, the native fish assemblage has not significantly changed. Rather, the native fish assemblage structure in Bear Creek is highly variable temporally and influenced largely by land-use in the watershed, most notably by high intensity development, mixed-hardwood forest cover and pine monoculture cover. Limiting future Weed Shiner impacts in the system and successful conservation of the Bear Creek fish iii assemblage will rely on managing land use changes and mitigating the effects of development in the watershed on the stream. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMNTS I would like to thank several individuals for their support and assistance with this project. Many thanks to Dr. Carol Johnston for her support, advice, and assistance during this investigation and throughout my graduate education. Thanks to my committee members, Dr. Sharon Hermann and Dr. Pat O?Neil, for their helpful comments and suggestions. Thanks to the Geological Survey of Alabama for providing historical data and field assistance, which were instrumental in this study. I am very grateful for the field assistance provided by my lab family: Mackenzie Stevenson, Warren Styles, Max Covington Sconyers III, Jenna Crovo, and Chris Matechik. I would like to thank my parents, Catherine and Tom Best, and my many friends, for their support and encouragement during this project and my graduate studies. Lastly, I would like to thank the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and United States Fish and Wildlife Service for funding this project and field assistance. v SELECTED FORMAT Ecology of Freshwater Fish Auburn University Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Guide COMPUTER SOFTWARE USED Microsoft Word 2010 Microsoft Excel 2010 R (v2.15.2) with VEGAN Analysis Package PAST (v3.01) ArcGIS (v9.3) vi TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii LIST OF FIGURES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Study System and Species of Interest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 METHODS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Site Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Historical Collections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Field Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Data Analyses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 RESULTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Invasion Pattern of Weed Shiner in the Bear Creek System . . . . . . . . . 13 Potential Fish Assemblages Shifts Due to Weed Shiner Invasion . . . . . . . 15 DISSCUSSION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Invasion Pattern of Weed Shiner in the Bear Creek System . . . . . . . . . 19 Fish Assemblages Shifts in the Bear Creek System. . . . . . . . . . . . 21 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 APPENDICES A. Collection Localities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 B. Collection Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 C. Land Cover and Watershed Area for All Collections . . . . . . . . . 118 D. Relative Abundances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 vii LIST OF TABLES 1. Collections containing Weed Shiner from the Bear Creek system from 2007-2013 including total number of specimens collected and relative abundance of Weed Shiner in the fish assemblage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2. Environmental variables influencing assemblage structure in the Bear Creek system listed by decreasing influence on assemblage structure in the Bear Creek system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3. Summary of Jaccard and Morisita similarities indices for all sites with multiple collections in the Bear Creek system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 viii LIST OF FIGURES 1. Map of the Bear Creek system and collection localities in northeast Alabama and northeast Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2. Total Weed Shiner specimens collected in the Bear Creek system from 1998 to 2013 displayed on a map of the system for each year in the study. . . . . . . 42 3. Relative abundance of Weed Shiner in collections from the Bear Creek system from 1998-2013 displayed on a map of the system for each year in the study. . . 43 4. Average annual discharge from the Buttahatchee system used as a proxy to estimate water availability in the Bear Creek system . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 5. Time-series of regional annual precipitation and discharge in the Buttahachee system that was used as a proxy for water availability in the Bear Creek system . 44 6. NMDS ordination of collections in the Bear Creek system from 1998 ? 2013 with collections containing Weed Shiner indicated and vectors representing the environmental variables influencing the distribution of collections in ordination space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 1 INTRODUCTION Invasive species present an increasing threat worldwide as anthropogenic activity introduces an increasing number of nonindigenous flora and fauna to new systems (Kopp et al. 2012). Once introduced, nonindigenous species may establish and then proliferate to invasive levels where they begin to negatively impact the native system, fauna or human-valued resources (Fuller et el. 1999, Krebs 2001). Nonindigenous introductions in aquatic systems occur through a variety of means, some intentional, others not. Intentional stocking of nonindigenous fish as sport fish or forage fish to support a sport fishery are responsible for the majority of introductions in the United States. Others have been introduced as ornamentals or as a biological control (Fuller et al. 1999). Unintentional introductions have occurred from accidental bait-fish release, accidental aquaculture release, transportation through ballast water, or large interbasin transfers of water (Fuller et al. 1999, Moyle 1976). However, many introduced populations fail after initial introduction, fail to establish or fail to increase to invasive levels for various reasons (Kowarik 1995, Krebs 2001, Williamson & Fitter 1996, Zenni & Nu?ez 2013). Abiotic resistance from the new physical environment, biotic resistance of the native community, number of founding individuals (propagule pressure) and genetic constraints are the most common reasons for invasion failure (Fridley et al. 2007, Lockwood et al. 2005, Simberloff 2009, Zenni & Nu?ez 2013). 2 Abiotic resistance is the leading cause of failed invasions in fishes (Moyle & Light 1996, Zenni & Nu?ez 2013). Abiotic conditions in the introduced range can strongly influence the survival, reproduction ability, and competitive ability of nonindigenous species that have often evolved in response to different abiotic conditions (Bunn & Arthington 2002). Hydrological regime, land use, water availability, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentrations and physical structure often play the most influential roles on success (Clavero & Hermoso 2011, Helms et al. 2005, Kiernan et al. 2012, Kopp et al. 2012). Biotic conditions in the introduced range may impede nonindigenous success through biotic resistance (Kennedy et al. 2002). Community-level variables such as predation and competition have been observed inhibiting and eliminating introduced species (Crawley et al. 1999, Kennedy et al. 2013, Zenni and Nu?ez 2013). However, fish assemblages are rarely saturated allowing successful nonindigenous species to fill a previously unoccupied niche that allows for successful competition or co-existence with natives (Keirnan et al. 2012, Kopp et al. 2012, Meador and Carlisle 2012, Wagner & Grossman 2013). Anthropogenic disturbance in a system often alters the abiotic conditions and tips the community balance in favor of nonindigenous species (Kopp et al. 2012, Leprieur et al. 2008, Moyle & Light 1996). Nonindigenous fishes that successfully establish are often cosmopolitan generalists that have flexible diet and habitat requirements and are adapted to reduced flows, flow variability, and shifts in the seasonal timing of high flow events (Bunn & Arthington 2002, Kerinan et al. 2012, Walser et al. 2000). Reduced flows and reduced flow variability have favored generalists, such as member of the Family Centrarchidae which are widely introduced as sport fish, over fluvial specialists in a number of studies (Alexandre et al. 2013, Clavero & Hermoso 2011, Kanno & Vokuoun 2010). Land-use changes can have similar effects on native 3 fish assemblages through its influence on hydrology and nutrient loading in streams (Brisbois et al. 2008, Dowling 2012, Philips and Johnston 2004a). Beyond providing favorable abiotic conditions to introduced species, anthropogenic disturbance can influence community level interactions between nonindigenous species and native competitors by giving the invaders a competitive advantage for prey and in reproductive potential (Dowling 2012, Johnston & Maceina 2009, Phillips & Johnston 2004b, Wagner & Grossman 2013). For example, Wagner and Grossman (2013) observed that established nonindigenous Yellowfin Shiner (Notropis lutipinnis) in an Appalachian Stream had a stronger competitive ability to track local, fluctuating resources than native competitors. The success of introduced fishes relies on a combination of abiotic factors and biotic interactions (Baltz and Moyle 1993). Increasing global anthropogenic disturbance and alteration of freshwater systems and successful establishment of nonindigenous species has led to the homogenizations of fish fauna worldwide (Vill?ger et al. 2011). Fish faunal homogenization has been most prevalent in the Palearctic and Nearctic biogeographical realms where it has been linked to nonindigenous success facilitated by hydrological regimen alteration (Meador & Carlisle 2012, Leprieur et al. 2007, Vill?ger et al. 2011). The threat of endemic species and species diversity loss, particularly endemic species, is especially concerning in the southeastern United States which hosts the highest richness of fish species and high number of endemic species in North America, north of Mexico (Rahel 2000, Scott & Helfman 2011). 4 Study System and Species of Interest The Bear Creek system is a tributary to the Tennessee River draining 860 square miles in northern Alabama and northeastern Mississippi and is rich in fish species. The three primary tributaries of the system are Cedar Creek, Little Bear Creek, and Bear Creek. All three were impounded in 1969-1979 midway up the streams and Bear creek has a second impoundment in its upper reaches. Its fish assemblage of approximately 104 native species is extremely diverse and included eight species typical of the Mobile Basin which are not found in any other Tennessee River tributary. Their presence is thought to be evidence of stream capture (Shepard et al. 2009, Mettee et al. 1996, Mettee et al. 2002, Starnes & Etnier1986). Human land-use and altered hydrology from impoundments on all three branches has had detrimental effects on the native assemblage (Phillips and Johnston 2004a, Phillips and Johnston 2004b). The most recent comprehensive survey of the fish fauna was conducted in 2007-2009 and collected 101 fish species, including nonindigenous Blacktail Shiner (Cyprinella venusta) and Weed Shiner (Notropis texanus) which likely invaded via the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway from the Mobile Basin. (Shepard et al. 2009). The completion of the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway (TTW) in 1985 connected the Tennessee River Basin and the Mobile River Basin via the Tennessee and Tombigbee Rivers creating the potential to alter the natural fish assemblages of both rivers (Etnier and Starnes 1993). Before construction of the TTW, the fish assemblages of the Mobile and Tennessee basins were separated since the beginning of geologic Tertiary Period (65 million years ago) with only minor tributary exchanges via stream capture connecting the two, which has allowed for the unique evolution of the fish fauna in each system (Etnier and Starnes 1993). Already, the fish assemblages in the Tombigbee River and TTW have shifted in favor of lentic-associated and 5 cosmopolitan species in association with the impoundments created by the TTW; it is these species are the most likely to disperse through the TTW into the Tennessee Basin (Strogin et al. 2011, Taylor et al. 2008). The TTW confluence with the Tennessee River is located shortly downstream of the Bear Creek-Tennessee River confluence, making Bear Creek one of the first Tennessee River tributaries to be colonized by Mobile Basin endemics. The Bear Creek fish fauna has been repeatedly surveyed, beginning in 1968 by B. R. Wall. Since then, it has been surveyed by the Fish Biodiversity Lab at Auburn University in 1998-2000 and 2012 (Phillips 2001, Johnston 2012) The Geological Survey of Alabama, completed a comprehensive survey in 2007-2009 and were the first to find Weed Shiner and other Mobile River Basin endemics in Bear Creek (Shepard et al. 2009). Both teams, along with the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, and Tennessee Valley Authority, sampled Bear Creek in a cooperative effort in 2013 as part of the Bear Creek Strategic Habitat Unit watershed effort. Weed Shiner (Notropis texanus) is a cosmopolitan cyprinid native to the Gulf of Mexico slope drainages. It ranges from the Suwannee River in Florida to the Nueces River in Texas and north in the Mississippi River Basin to Minnesota. In its native range, the Weed Shiner is found in small low-gradient streams with clear water and sandy substrate and can be found in abundance in shoal areas with emergent vegetation, however these conditions do not characterized the TTW (Mettee et al. 1996). The Weed Shiner possesses many characteristics of a successful invader: tolerance of low and medium flow regimens, an extended spawning season with several spawning events, and a diverse and flexible diet (Etnier & Starnes 1993, Moyle & Light 1996, Walser et al. 2000, Williamson and Fitter 1996). Weed Shiner spawn from as early as March to as late as October depending on region and amount of surface water runoff in 6 drainage and its diet consists of filamentous algae, detritus, small invertebrates and plant material in the stream drift (Etnier and Starnes 1993, Heins and Rabito 1988, Mettee et al. 1996). Despite being historically found in Mississippi River drainages, Weed Shiner was not historically present in the Tennessee River (Etnier and Starnes 1993). Weed Shiner was first collected in the Tennessee drainage in Second Creek, Lauderdale County, AL and in Robinson Creek, Hardin County, TN in 1993 and was first found in the Bear Creek System in 2007 (Etnier and Starnes 1993, Shepard et al. 2009, Mettee et al. 1996). Since its appearance in Bear Creek, Weed Shiner has increased in relative abundance and range, occupying the downstream portions of all three main branches of the system. To date, the upstream spread of Weed Shiner has been blocked by impoundments on the three main tributaries. The objective of this study was to investigate the invasion pattern of Weed Shiner and potential changes in the fish assemblage in a unique stream system in the Southeastern United States. The majority of previous research in aquatic invasion biology has focusses on successfully established invasions years after initial introduction or in well-controlled mesocosms and study ponds. Studies investigating the full introduction, establishment and invasion process in natural systems are still exceedingly rare (Zenni and Nunez 2013). This study had the unique opportunity to observe the chronology and pattern of invasion of a nonindigenous cyprinid and any associated changes in the structure of the recipient fish assemblage. 7 METHODS Site Selection Selection of survey sites was based on availability of historical data and encompassed the entirety of the Bear Creek System. A total of 40 sites were selected for analysis (Figure 1). They were chosen because they were either: 1) sampled in multiple time periods for historic data or 2) Weed Shiner had been collected at them in the past (Appendix A). Contemporary sampling during 2013 was attempted at as many sites as possible but severely hampered due to inclement weather and high flows. Historical Collections Historical surveys of the Bear Creek fish assemblage were collected by B. R. Wall in 1968, B. W. Phillips and C. E. Johnston in 1998 to 2000, the Geological Survey of Alabama (GSA) in 2007 to 2009 and C. E. Johnston in 2012. Current collections were made during the summer of 2013 as a cooperative effort between Fish Biodiversity Lab at Auburn University, Geological Survey of Alabama, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, and Tennessee Valley Authority. Historical data was patchy in the number and locations of collections and was composed of species counts for each collection locality. Only collections conducted in the same localities were used. Localities were 8 determined from historic GPS coordinates, when available, and cross referenced with locality information recorded by county and road information (Appendix A). Field Methods Field methods for sampling in 2013 were conducted following procedures used by the historical surveys since 1998 during as closely as possible. Fish were sampled with an electrofisher and 3.1m seine with 6mm mesh. All microhabitats at each site were sampled until no more unique species are collected after five efforts. Total effort totaled approximately one hour for each collection site. Fish collected with the GSA were in identified in the field by GSA biologists and returned alive to the stream. Voucher specimens were anaesthetized with tricaine mesylate (MS-222) and preserved in 10% formalin for verification. Collections conducted without the GSA were anesthetized with MS-222 and preserved in 10% formalin for later analysis in the Fish Biodiversity Lab at Auburn University (IACUC PRN:2012-2166), and incorporated in the Auburn University Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Collection in Auburn, Alabama. Data Analyses Weed Shiner distribution and spread through the system was visualized in ArcGIS 9.3. Both total number of Weed Shiner specimens collected at a site during a specific year, and relative abundance of Weed Shiner were mapped and patterns visually inspected. 9 Shifts in the fish assemblage structure in Bear creek were qualified using similarity indices, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and examination of relative abundances. NMDS analyses were conducted in R (v2.15.2), using the Vegan analysis package. R is an open source, statistical computing and graphing program (Dixon 2009). Similarity indices and relative and diversity information was generated in PAST (v3.01), which is a free software for scientific data analysis originally created for paleontological applications but exceedingly valuable in all ecological applications (Hammer et al. 2001, Ryan et al. 1995). Relative abundances were calculated in Microsoft Excel 2010. An NMDS ordination was generated to visually examine differences in species composition collections and Weed Shiner presence. NMDS were constructed using Jaccard Dissimilarity values in R, which was chosen because of the conservative nature of the metric and the wide variety of assemblage structure represented in the data. Any differences seen in the resulting NMDS would be more robust. NMDS were generated for individual collections, without lumping collections from the same site together so that temporal changes in the fish assemblage could be examined as well. The influence of environmental variables on assemblage structure and Weed Shiner presence were examined via multiple regression analysis and visualized as vectors on the NMDS using the envfit function in the VEGAN package of R. Multiple regression investigating the relationship between environmental variables and assemblage composition were calculated using unique collection codes composed of Site ID-Year to connect assemblage data to corresponding environmental variables for each collection. Examined environmental variables included year of collection, total annual precipitation, site-specific watershed area, percent of land recently disturbed, and the percentage of land covered by: impervious land cover, urban development, 10 forest, shrub and grassland, nonvascular vegetation and sparse vascular rock vegetation, agricultural vegetation, open water and developed or other human land-use. Environmental variables were obtained from USGS, National Landcover Dataset and NOAA. Habitat condition, stream flow, and land-use were not recorded in most of the historic data and discharge from the Bear Creek system has not been monitored since the 1970s. Watershed area, impervious cover and urban land cover for each collection site were calculated in USGS Stream Stats. Unique shape files for each site?s watershed were also created in Stream Stats for analysis in ArcGIS 9.3. Stream Stats provided land-use and coverage based on the National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) of 2006 (Fry et al. 2011). Land cover for collections made during the 1998-2000 was obtained from NLCD 2001, and land cover for collections made in 2007-2013 was obtained from NLCD 2006 (Appendix C). NLCD 2001 and 2006 are based on Landsat Thematic Mapper+ imagery from 2001 and 2006, respectively (Fry et al. 2011, Homer et al. 2007). Because discharge data was not available for the Bear Creek System, total annual discharge from the Buttahatchee System (HUC 03160103) and regional precipitation were used as a proxy for water availability. The Buttahatchee system is a smaller system (277 square miles) adjacent to Bear Creek and drains to the Mobile Basin. It was chosen because of its proximity to the Bear Creek system, location in the same physiographic region, and has similar land cover as calculated from NLCD 2006. Discharge was collected from USGS gauge 02438000 and precipitation form NOAA weather station COOP:013620 in Haleyville, AL. Jaccard and Morisita indices of similarity were calculated for all sites that had multiple years of data using PAST v3.0. In the historic collection conducted by Phillips 2001, sites were only sampled once during 1998, 1999 or 2000 and were combined into a pre2000 group for analysis. Sites were sampled multiple times during 2007 ? 2009 and 2012 ? 2013; these sites 11 were not lumped into a time period and were analyzed based on year. In cases where sites were sampled twice in the same year similarity for both collections are reported. Both Jaccard and Morisita similarity indices compare the beta (?) diversity of two collections as a range from 0, indicating completely dissimilar assemblages, to 1, indicating complete similarity. With both indices, index values over 0.7 are considered to indicate highly similar assemblages and values below 0.4 are considered to indicate dissimilar assemblages. Values between 0.4 and 0.7 are considered to be undetermined (Mathews 1988, Philips and Johnston 2004a, Walser et al. 2000). When used together they provide complementary assessments of the similarity of two assemblages (Phillips and Johnston 2004a). Jaccard Similarity is based on which species are present, absent, or shared between two collections and is considered a conservative and simple metric of similarity. It is not as influenced by rare species as Morisita?s and was included in this analysis to account for possible differences in field method collection techniques between collections. The Jaccard Similarity Index (IJ) is calculated between sites j and k by: ( ) Morisita?s Similarity, by contrast, incorporates relative abundance of species. It therefore is more sensitive to differences in assemblage structures and is considered to be best overall 12 measure of similarity in ecological communities (Krebs 1999). Morisita?s Similarity Index (IM) is calculated by: ? ( ) ? (? ) ? ( ) ? (? ) ? ( )? ? There were 13 sites with data encompassing all study years and relative abundances for these sites were calculated to clarify assemblage shifts seen in the similarity analyses. Relative abundances were calculated as the proportion of the abundance of a species to the total abundance at each site in Microsoft Excel 2010 for the 10 most abundant species at each site. 13 RESULTS Invasion Pattern of Weed Shiner in the Bear Creek System Since first observed in the Bear Creek system Weed Shiner was collected throughout the lower portion of the Bear Creek System at varying abundances. Weed Shiner was found at half of the surveyed sites (21 of 40) and in one third of total collections (37 of 104) since first observed in the system in 2007 (Table 1). The first observation of Weed Shiner in the Bear Creek system consisted of 2 specimens (2.54% relative abundance) at Site 9 (GSA ID: BC-3) collected by the Geological Survey of Alabama, Ecosystem Team (Shepard et al. 2009). Since then, Weed Shiner has showed an initial range expansion throughout the lower portion of the system, followed by a range contraction in 2012 which remained evident in 2013 (Figure 2). Weed Shiner exhibited an increase in relative abundance through 2012 despite the range contraction in 2012, and began to decline in abundance in 2013 while remaining concentrated at the downstream-most sites. In every year sampled, relative abundances varied widely between sites, but were generally highest in the downstream most localities (Figure 3). To date, Weed Shiner has remained confined to the lower half of the Bear Creek system downstream of the impoundments on the Bear Creek, Little Bear Creek, and Cedar Creek. In 2008, Weed Shiner was found at 11 of 24 sites throughout the lower portion of the system. Collected specimens ranged from one specimen (0.9% relative abundance) at Site 4, to 67 specimens (22.9% relative abundance) at Site 16. Mean relative abundance of Weed Shiner in sites where it was present was 4.6% (Figures 2, 3). 14 In 2009, Weed Shiner was seen in collections at 10 of 25 sites in numbers ranging from one specimen (0.3% relative abundance) at Site 36, to 115 specimens (22.9% relative abundance) at Site 7 with a mean relative abundance of 6.8% (Figures 2, 3). In 2012 Weed Shiner range contracted to only 6 of 31 sites but they were found in far higher numbers and relative abundances than previously seen. Weed Shiner collections ranged from seven specimens (1.3% relative abundance) at Site 3, to 140 specimens at Site 7 and 162 specimens at Site 5 (59.3% and 53.1% relative abundance, respectively) with a mean relative abundance of 35.7%. In 2013, 19 sites were surveyed and Weed Shiner was found at seven of them. Weed Shiner collections ranged from one specimen (<1% relative abundance) at Site 33, to 50 specimens at Site 12 and 19 specimens at Site 13 (15.7% and 14.6% relative abundance, respectively) with a mean relative abundance of 4.5%. Additionally, several young of the year Weed Shiner specimens were collected and preserved as voucher specimens 2013. Total annual discharge from the Buttahatchee system and regional annual precipitation were used to establish a coarse-scale estimate of water availability for each year during the study period. The Buttahatchee system was used as a proxy for the Bear Creek system because it is located adjacent to Bear Creek in the same physiographic region, and has similar land cover. Based on discharge data, 2009 and 2013 were considered wet years, 2012 was considered dry, and 2008 intermediate (Figure 4). Trends in stream discharge from Buttahatchee Creek and regional precipitation from 1951-2013 were visually examined (Figure 5). Both annual precipitation and discharge from Buttahatchee Creek has increased slightly since 1951. No 15 easily discernable pattern between water availability and Weed Shiner range or relative abundance was observed. Initial visual inspection of the nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) containing all collections from 1998 to 2013 revealed a distinct cluster of collections containing Weed Shiner within the ordination space occupied by all collections (Figure 6). NMDS ordination arranges collection assemblages in ordination space based on faunal dissimilarity, indicating that collections with Weed Shiner exist as a distribution within the boarder range of all collections from the Bear Creek system. To investigate environmental variables influencing Weed Shiner presence, vectors representing environmental variables were overlain on the NMDS ordination using multiple regression to correlate environmental variables with the distribution of collection composition in ordination space. Weed Shiner presence was associated with increasing watershed size, increasing high intensity development (>1% total land cover), and increasing pine forest cover which was defined as forest composition composed of >75% evergreen (3.2 ? 19.8%, Table 2). Potential fish assemblage shifts due to Weed Shiner Invasion Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis was also used to investigate the influence of environmental variables on fish assemblage structure. Land cover, and watershed area were calculated for the contributing watershed for each site from the National Landcover Dataset (NLCD). NLCD 2001 was used to calculate land cover for collections made before 2001 and NLCD 2006 was used to calculated land cover for collections made after 2006 (Appendix C). Most of the environmental variables analyzed significantly correlated to the collection distribution at the 0.05 level (Table 2). Water-shed area (p = 0.001, r2 = 0.4609) mostly strongly 16 correlated with collection distribution, followed by mixed hardwood and pine forest (p = 0.001, r2 = 0.3960), pine monoculture forest cover (p = 0.001, r2 = 0. 2308), and high intensity developed land (p = 0.001, r2 = 0. 2297, Table 2). National Land Cover Database (NLCD) data classifies forests as areas dominated (>20% total vegetation) by trees greater than 5m. Mixed hardwood and pine forest cover were indicated by NLCD classification of ?Mixed forest? where neither deciduous nor coniferous vegetation is greater than 75% of tree cover. Pine monocultures were indicated by ?Evergreen forest? where at least 75% of tree cover is evergreen. NLCD classifies high intensity development as 80-100% impervious surfaces. Year affects, yearly discharge levels, deciduous forest cover, developed open space, and pasture did not exhibit significant correlation to assemblage structure. Jaccard and Morisita similarities indicated large fluctuations in assemblage structure during the study period. Jaccard and Morisita similarity indices reported similar results, with Jaccard (IJ) indicating a higher amount of change than Morisita (IM). Jaccard and Morisita similarities were calculated for all 28 sites and 139 collections that were sampled more than once. Of these, 13 sites had data spanning the entire study period: from before Weed Shiner introduction in 1998-2000 to 2012-2013. Because each site was only sampled once during the 1998-2000 survey, collections made during this period were reported as ?pre-2000? to simplify calculations. A summary of Jaccard and Morisita similarities is reported in lieu of a full matrix, with sites where Weed Shiner were collected at any point in the study indicated (Table 3). There were 13 sites that were sampled during the pre-2000 period and 2012 with an average IJ of 0.280 and IM of 0.327. Twelve sites had IJ values indicating highly dissimilar assemblages, and 10 sites had IM values indicating highly dissimilar assemblages. No sites had assemblages that were considered similar (IJ or IM >0.7). There were 14 sites that spanned the pre2000 period to 2013, 17 13 of which were considered dissimilar by Jaccard?s Index (mean IJ = 0.258) and 10 were considered dissimilar by Morisita? Index (mean IM = 0.354). Only one site was similar, Site 15, had an assemblage structure that remained constant between pre2000 and 2013 according to Morsita?s Index (IM = 0.847). Composition of the 10 most abundant species of the 13 sites sampled in 1998-2000, 2007-2009, and 2012-2013 time periods were highly variable between years (Appendix B). The majority of assemblages were composed of native stream-associated members of Cypriniformes, Percidae, Fundulidae and Ictaluridae. Few species remained among the 10 most abundant between years and none remained constant in rank. Largescale Stoneroller (Campostoma oligolepis) was among the 10 most abundant species in 11 of the 13 sites, especially in most recent years. Centrarchids, which often flourish in homogenized assemblages, were rarely among the most abundant species at sites where they were present (21 and 25), and they did not retain dominance over time. Site 25 (Appendix B) exhibited the most dramatic increase in centrarchid abundance, but exhibited a rebound to a fluvial associated assemblage in 2012. In 1998, Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) was the most abundant (53% relative abundance) Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) 5th most abundant and Green Sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) 7th. In 2009 Bluegill Sunfish again dominated the assemblage at 24% relative abundance. Bluegill were present in the 10 most abundant species in 2012 but composed less than one percent of collected specimens. Green Sunfish and Smallmouth Bass were also collected in 2012, but were not among the most abundant species which were composed of members of Cyprinidae and Percidae. No Bluegill were collected in 2013 and Cyprinidae composed the majority of the 18 assemblage in addition to one Fundulidae species (Black spotted topminnow, Fundulus olivaceous) and one Percidae species (Tennessee darter, Etheostoma tennesseense). 19 DISSCUSSION Invasion Pattern of Weed Shine r in the Bear Creek System Presently, Weed Shiner persists in high abundance at the most downstream sites within the Bear Creek system. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis indicated that aside from increasing watershed size, disturbance in the catchment caused by development, agriculture and pine monoculture best explained Weed Shiner presence in collections. This supports the human activity hypothesis which has been observed worldwide as human activity has increased the number of successful nonindigenous species (Kopp et al. 2012, Leprieur et al. 2008). The observed correlation between increasing watershed size was attributed to Weed Shiner persistence in the most downstream sites, which are also the ones with highest levels of human activity. Increasing urbanization, seen in Bear Creek as high intensity land use, has been associated with increases in cosmopolitan species in other stream systems, including increases in Weed Shiner abundance (Helms et al. 2005). Increases in agricultural land use can shift aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblage structure in favor of pollutant and lentic tolerant species through nutrient loading and associated consequences such as alteration of daily dissolved oxygen cycles and eutrophication which likely influence fish assemblages as well (Brisboise et al. 2008). Similar to traditional agriculture, pine monoculture of loblolly and shortleaf pines, exerted a significant influence on Weed Shiner presence which differed from native mixed hardwood-pine forests. (Letson et al. 2010, Shankman &Wills 1995). Pine monoculture can increase discharge variability and decrease total water availability (D?Angelo & Webster 1991, Feeley et al. 2011, Swank & Miner 1968). Theses hydrological alterations are similar to those caused by 20 impoundments and land-use changes which have been documented to promote cosmopolitan invasive species such as Weed Shiner (Light & Marchetti 2007). Effects of development-related degradation have been observed in fish assemblage structure before visual signs of system degradation are apparent (Schweizer & Matlock 2005). Continued persistence of Weed Shiner at these downstream sites may be an early sign of increasing degradation of the Bear Creek watershed. As abiotic conditions promote Weed Shiner persistence at human-impacted sites, biotic resistance from the high species richness of the native assemblage is inhibiting Weed Shiner establishment in the rest of the system available to Weed Shiner below the impoundments. Biotic resistance to nonindigenous species establishment has been observed in plant, mammal and insect introductions (Ings et al. 2010, Novillo & Ojeda 2008. Zenni & Ziller 2011, Zenni & Nunez 2013). Literature on biotic resistance however is rare and tends to focus on predation by large piscivourious fish early in the establishment process of a predation-vulnerable introduced species (Moyle & Light 1996). This study saw no evidence of predation as a mechanism of biotic resistance, however that does not mean it is not a factor in the Weed Shiner invasion pattern and should be investigated further. Evidence of biotic resistance via competition in fish is especially rare, partially due to the difficulty of observing competitive interactions. Wagner and Grossman (2013) experimentally observed nonindigenous Yellowfin Shiner (Notropis lutipinnis) resource partitioning competition with native Rosyside Dace (Clinostomus funduloides). Yellowfin Shiner proved to be competitively dominant in tracking fluctuating resources which aided its establishment in the study system. In its native range, Weed Shiner is competitively inferior to the nonindigenous Rough Shiner (Notropis baileyi) and has been reduced in abundance where Rough Shiner has established in the Chattahoochee River system (Walser et al. 2000). The 21 native fish assemblage in Bear Creek, especially the 33 native cyprinid species including Rough Shiner, that were collected in during this study may be resisting Weed Shiner range expansion beyond the most impacted sites. Human activity and disturbance of the downstream sites in Bear Creek have shifted resource availability and given Weed Shiner the competitive advantage needed to successfully establish. This has not yet occurred in the majority of the system available to Weed Shiner below the impoundments. Large assemblages are more resistant to invasion as long as resource availability remains constant (Byers & Noonburg 2003). Baltz and Moyle (1993) suggest that both biotic interactions and abiotic conditions influence invasion success. If this is the case in Bear Creek, it is a fascinating example of interplay between the two and resulting effects on the assemblage structure in the short term, and demands further investigation in the long term. Introduced species are more vulnerable to extinction that natives and most introductions fail during the introduction, establishment or invasion processes, though examples of this is underrepresented in the literature (Simberloff and Gibbons 2003, Zenni and Nunez 2013). In 2013, young-of-the-year Weed Shiner were collected, indicating successful spawning in the Bear Creek population. However, whether Weed Shiner is permanently established in Bear Creek has yet to be seen and future monitoring of the Weed Shiner population is needed to determine the ultimate success of this invasion. Fish Assemblage Shifts in the Bear Creek System This study saw no evidence of Weed Shiner influence on the native fish assemblage of Bear Creek in the short term. Even assemblages with high species and functional diversity may 22 be successfully invaded if resources are increased or disturbance occurs (Byers and Noonburg 2003). The Bear Creek assemblage, like many in North America is not saturated and Weed Shiner is taking advantage of unoccupied niche space, aided by anthropogenic disturbance (Gido & Brown 1999, Meador & Carlise 2012). The fish assemblage structure of Bear Creek is remains dominated by fluvial-associated species, is highly spatially and temporally variable, and is influenced by land-use in the watershed. Assemblage composition in the Bear Creek system remains similar to the fluvial- associate dominated assemblage seen in 1968 (included in Appendices B and D with contemporary collections and relative abundances). However, impoundment construction and changes in land use have increased the abundance of more cosmopolitan species (Phillips and Johnston 2004a, Wall 1968). Both Morisita and Jaccard similarity indices showed drastic shifts in assemblage structure over the course of the study and between sequential years. Investigation of relative abundance did little to clarify trends as the 10 most abundant species rarely remained constant between years. NMDS ordination did reveal correlations between assemblage structure and land use. Collection compositions were distributed along a gradient between open or developed land us and forested land cover. Agricultural land use, specifically row crops, represented a second axis of influence perpendicular to the forest-developed land gradient. Urbanization-induced homogenization of fish assemblages has been well-documented in both low and high diversity systems, through an increase in lentic tolerant and generalist species such as centrarchids occurs even at low development levels of 10-20% (Marvier et al. 2004, Schweizer & Matlock 2005, Sutherland et al. 2002). However, Bear Creek has not yet experienced the extreme homogenization seen in other systems due to the high species richness or the currently low levels of development (6%) in the watershed. Row-crop agriculture land- 23 use also correlated with collection distributions on the NMDS, though not as strongly as developed land use. This is consistent with other studies that have seen increases in abundances of pollution-tolerant, herbivorous and generalist species as agricultural land use increases nutrient loading in streams and moderates flow variation (Brisbois, et al. 2008, Helms et al. 2000). The lack of significant correlations between assemblage structure and year in NMDS ordination indicated that interannual variability in the Bear Creek system is not influencing the native fish assemblage, nor is total yearly precipitation and discharge. The insignificant correlation may be due to the use of the proxy watershed, however the proxy watershed had similar land cover and bordered Bear Creek. It is more likely that total water availability is not the primary hydrological factor influencing the fish assemblage in Bear Creek. Timing and duration of flows can determine fish assemblage structure without large changes in total discharge. (Bunn & Arthington 2002, Keirnan et al. 2012). This is likely the case in the Bear Creek system where fish assemblage structure was heavily influenced by land cover which can alter hydrological timing and duration. Select sites did experience temporary shifts towards lentic-associated Centrarchidae species. Centrarchids, particularly Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus), are commonly associated with homogenization when natural hydrological regimens are modified. Site 25, and to a lesser extent Site 21, had high abundances of Bluegill Sunfish and Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in 1998 to 2009 but the assemblage recovered to a fluvial-associate dominated structure composed of cyprinids and percids in 2012 and 2013. Bluegill Sunfish can gain dominance in a system when water availability and flow variability decrease, and when seasonal flows shift from historic timing or disappear entirely, particularly below impoundments 24 (Clavero & Hermoso 2011, Kiernan et al. 2012). But their abundance can be reduced in both native and introduced ranges and fluvial-associated species promoted when natural flow regimens resume (Keirnan et al. 2012, Meffee 1991). Fish species have evolved in response to specific hydrological regimens of their native ranges and are vulnerable to foreign regimens (Bunn & Arthington 2002). Bluegill Sunfish and Smallmouth Bass require low flow conditions to spawn and are vulnerable to displacement by even moderate flows until they reach 25mm while many cyprinids and percids require moderate flows to spawn and become less vulnerable to flow displacement at only 10mm (Boshung & Mayden 2004, Harvey 1987). Consequently, when natural flows regimens resume, native fluvial specialists increase in abundance and centrarchids decrease (Dowling 2012, Kerinan 2012, Meffee 1991). Sites 21 and 25 are heavily forested, low-order sites, and land-cover analysis did not show significant changes in land use during the study period. However, it is possible that NLCD data used in analysis did not have fine enough resolution to sense small scale, but intense disturbance, or that original Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper images (upon which NLCD is based) were taken when disturbance was not visible. Largescale Stoneroller (Campostoma oligolepis) was prevalent throughout the system during this study and the only species to regularly be among the 10 most abundant species. Largescale Stoneroller was rare in B. R. Wall?s 1968 survey (included in Appendices B and D with contemporary collections and relative abundances). Adult Largescale Stonrollers are herbivorous, feeding on algae scraped from rocks and their presence may be indicative of increased algal growth from agriculturally loaded nutrients (Brisbois et al. 2008, Boschung & Mayden 2004, Mettee et al. 1996). Bluescale Stoneroller (Campostoma pauciradii), which has a similar ecology to Largescale Stoneroller, have been associated with increased development 25 within watersheds (Helms et al. 2005). Additionally, Largescale Stoneroller exhibit increased growth rates and extended spawning seasons in urbanized streams compared to forested streams due to increased algal biomass and water temperature which may give them a competitive advantage in the Bear Creek system (South & Ensign 2013). Increasing abundance of Largescale Stonerollers from historic levels seen in the 1960s is yet another manifestation of human-modified land use in the Bear Creek watershed. Interestingly, NMDS ordination revealed that not all forest cover is equal: pine monoculture and mixed hardwood forest cover do influence fish assemblage structure differently. Currently there is no available literature investigating the effects of pine monoculture on stream fish assemblages, but some work has been done on stream macroinvertebrate assemblages. Decreases in stream pH, changes in litter decomposition dynamics and altered hydrological regimens associated with pine monoculture has been documented to decrease macroinvertebrate abundance and shifted remaining assemblage structure which may influence higher trophic levels, including fish (Feeley et al. 2011, Miserendino & Masi 2010, Whiles & Wallace 1997). Additionally, pine monoculture can decrease soil moisture and water retention, increases discharge variability, reduce overall water availability, increase sedimentation, increase turbidity, increase substrate imbededness and increase streambed instability; all hydrological and geophysical alterations that have been shown to shift fish assemblages in favor of lentic- associated and generalist species (Bens et al. 2005, D?Angelo & Webster 1991, Marvier et al. 2004, Meador & Carlise 2012, Kanno & Vokoun 2010, Shankman & Wills 1995, Sutherland et al. 2002, Swank 1968). While forest cover type did negatively influence fish assemblage composition structure, pine monoculture was not as detrimental as development or row crop agriculture and the exact relationship between the two remains 26 CONCLUSIONS In the short term, Weed Shiner is established in the Bear Creek system and currently persists in the most-downstream, human-impacted portion of the system. 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Leaf litter decomposition and macroinvertebrate communities in headwater streams draining pine and hardwood catchments. Hydrobiologia. 353: 107-119. DOI: 10.1023/A:1003054827248. Williamson, M. & A. Fitter.1996. The varying success of invaders. Ecology 77: 1661-1666. DOI:10.2307/2265769. Zenni, R. D. & M. A. Nu?ez. 2013. The elephant in the room: the role of failed invasions in understanding invasion biology. Oikos 122: 801-815. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600- 0706.2012.00254.x. Zenni, R. D. & S. R. Ziller. 2011. An overview of invasive plants in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Botany. 34: 431-446. DOI:10.1590/S0100-84042011000300016. 37 Table 1 ? Collections containing Weed Shiner from the Bear Creek system from 2007-2013 including total number of specimens collected and relative abundance of Weed Shiner in the fish assemblage. Weed Shiner was not collected in the Bear Creek System prior to 2007. Site GSA ID Years Weed Shiner were collected Number of Weed Shiner Specimens Collected Relative Abundance of Weed Shiner 1 MC1 2009 20 6.8 2 BRC1 2008 1 0.7 3 BRC2 2009 30 4.7 2012 7 1.3 4 BRC3 2008 1 0.2 5 PC1 2009 99 33.3 2012 162 53.1 2013 1 0.7 6 PC2 2009 2 1.0 2013 6 6.8 7 CDC1 2008 18 13.7 2009 115 22.9 2012 140 59.3 9 BC3 2007 2 2.5 11 BC6 2009 18 5.9 2012 43 40.6 12 BC7 2008 10 1.8 2012 51 16.9 2013 50 14.6 13 BC8 2008 3 0.8 2012 53 42.7 2013 19 15.7 14 BC9 2009 4 1.4 15 BC10 2008 9 3.2 2009 2 0.3 2013 2 2.2 16 BC11 2008 67 22.9 17 BC12 2008 3 0.8 27 RC1 2008 15 3.2 29 CC1 2008 7 2.1 2009 4 0.6 2013 6 5.8 30 CC2 2008 12 2.4 2009 23 3.7 32 CC4 2009 2 1.0 33 CC7 2013 1 0.5 36 LBC2 2009 1 0.3 38 Table 2 ? Environmental variables influencing assemblage structure as in the Bear Creek system calculated from multiple regression using the envfit function in the R package VEGAN. Environmental variables are listed by decreasing influence assemblage structure in the Bear Creek system. Land cover in the contributing watershed for each site, producing a wide range of proportions for each land cover category. Maximum and minimum proportions for each land cover category are reported. Detailed land cover data for each site is availbel in Appendix C. Environmental Variable r2 P-value Range of landcover (%) Significant Variables Watershed Area 0.461 0.001 - Mixed Hardwood Forest Cover 0.396 0.001 1 ? 20.8 Pine Forest Cover 0.231 0.001 3.2 ? 19.8 Developed, High Intensity 0.230 0.001 0 ? 0.4 Open Water 0.191 0.001 0 ? 5.7 Woody Wetland Cover 0.189 0.001 0 ? 8.9 Shrub Cover 0.185 0.001 2.8 ? 32.3 Developed, Medium Intensity 0.183 0.001 0 ? 1.5 Emergent Herbaceous Wetlands Cover 0.167 0.001 0 ? 0.2 Barren Cover 0.153 0.001 0 ? 1.1 Grassland Cover 0.145 0.001 0 ? 9.9 Developed, Low Intensity 0.136 0.001 0 ? 1.5 Impervious Surface Cover 0.122 0.001 0.2 ? 3.2 Urban Cover 0.092 0.003 1.9 ? 11.4 Cultivated Crop Cover 0.066 0.017 0 ? 17.8 Nonsignificant Variables Deciduous Forest Cover 0.046 0.066 0.5 ? 73.2 Developed, Open Space 0.042 0.069 2.0 ? 6.6 Yearly Discharge from Buttahatchee Creek 0.033 0.140 - Year 0.030 0.151 - Pasture Cover 0.018 0.352 0 ? 35.9 39 Table 3 - Jaccard and Morisita Similarities for all sites with multiple collections generated in PAST 3.0. Values over 0.7 were interpreted as represented similar assemblages and are italicized. Values under 0.4 were interpreted as representing dissimilar assemblages, and are bolded. Sites where Weed Shiner were collected at any point in the study are indicated with (*). Mean for these sites is included under total mean. In cases where a site was surveyed multiple times during a single year both resulting similarity values are reported. Jaccard and Morisita values are reportedly separately and indicated by J or M, respectively. Site pre2000-2008 pre2000-2009 pre2000-2012 pre2000-2013 2008-2009 Similarity Index: J M J M J M J M J M * 1 * 3 * 4 * 5 * 6 0.267 0.190 0.351 0.267 0.265 0.154 0.226 * 7 0.406 0.699 8 * 11 0.385 0.051 * 12 0.375 0.581 0.375 0.636 0.400 0.379 * 13 0.364 0.114 0.364 0.163 0.292 0.287 * 14 0.360 0.435 * 15 0.320 0.277 0.235 0.171 0.320 0.380 0.368 0.861 0.556 0.847 * 16 0.524 0.669 18 0.160 0.109 19 0.250 0.214 0.182 0.519 0.250 0.216 0.316 0.536 0.538 0.347 20 0.250 0.052 0.250 0.385 0.125 0.495 21 0.556 0.500 0.526 0.694 22 23 24 25 0.357 0.316 0.767 0.357 0.191 0.235 0.276 26 28 * 29 0.595 0.661 * 30 0.334 / 0.486 0.210 / 0.837 31 * 32 0.286 0.764 0.391 0.782 0.286 0.583 0.455 0.820 * 33 34 35 0.429 0.140 0.300 0.179 0.429 0.213 0.265 / 0.360 0.091 / 0.270 0.767 0.384 * 36 0.250 0.664 0.269 0.150 0.250 0.393 0.320 0.189 0.483 0.724 37 0.029 0.231 0.028 0.240 0.026 0.455 0.215 38 0.286 0.353 0.286 0.338 0.280 0.396 39 0.130 0.500 0.130 0.442 0.095 0.231 40 0.077 0.304 0.077 0.046 0.000 0.000 Total Mean 0.280 0.333 0.290 0.363 0.280 0.327 0.258 0.354 0.516 0.542 Mean for Sites with Weed Shiner 0.322 0.434 0.294 0.435 0.322 0.405 0.303 0.438 0.487 0.624 40 Table 3 Continued - Values over 0.7 were interpreted as represented similar assemblages and are italicized. Values under 0.4 were interpreted as representing dissimilar assemblages, and are bolded. Sites where Weed Shiner were collected at any point in the study are indicated with (*). Mean for these sites is included under total mean. In cases where a site was surveyed multiple times during a single year both resulting similarity values are reported. Jaccard and Morisita values are reportedly separately and indicated by J or M, respectively. Site 2008-2012 2008-2013 2009-2012 2009-2013 2012-2013 Similarity Index: J M J M J M J M J M * 1 0.412 0.183 * 3 0.515 0.120 * 4 0.265 0.386 0.316 0.253 0.219 0.085 * 5 0.536 0.826 0.538 0.392 0.522 0.340 * 6 0.417 0.834 0.364 0.836 0.333 0.944 * 7 0.493 0.658 8 0.143 0.504 * 11 0.213 0.012 0.216 0.261 * 12 0.586 0.634 0.371 0.324 0.429 0.589 * 13 0.483 0.337 0.467 0.536 0.476 0.677 * 14 * 15 0.306 0.848 0.379 0.491 0.342 0.767 0.419 0.311 0.296 0.311 * 16 0.333 0.259 0.294 0.339 18 19 0.318 0.708 0.258 0.508 0.389 0.305 0.346 0.957 0.333 0.456 20 0.222 0.011 0.316 0.012 0.150 0.942 21 0.632 0.483 22 0.556 0.857 23 0.333 0.757 24 0.600 0.923 25 0.500 0.395 0.391 0.433 0.444 0.618 26 0.571 0.561 28 0.353 0.339 * 29 0.419 0.188 0.482 0.563 0.424 0.188 0.394 0.850 0.409 0.103 * 30 31 0.321 0.067 * 32 0.433 0.582 0.370 0.810 * 33 0.346 0.724 0.500 0.621 0.474 0.718 34 0.275 0.184 35 0.630 0.419 0.583 / 0.500 0.635 / 0.383 0.552 0.369 0.611 / 0.531 0.397 / 0.457 0.400 / 0.429 0.504 / 0.398 * 36 0.250 0.890 0.593 0.603 0.391 0.812 0.429 0.658 0.280 0.682 37 0.409 0.409 0.708 0.716 38 0.476 0.356 0.500 0.516 0.496 39 0.429 0.814 0.370 0.660 0.348 0.580 40 0.188 0.343 0.214 0.141 0.176 0.029 * Mean 0.363 0.455 0.398 0.434 0.412 0.516 0.469 0.620 0.349 0.505 Mean for Sites with Weed Shiner 0.376 0.446 0.419 0.465 0.392 0.499 0.429 0.597 0.395 0.471 41 Figure 1 ? Map of collection localities in the Bear Creek system in northwest Alabama and northeast Mississippi. 42 Figure 2 ? Absolute abundance of Weed Shiner found at each site over the course of the study. Years 1998 to 2000 were combined because no Weed Shiner was found in the system at that time. White circles (?) denote sites that were surveyed and no Weed Shiner were found. Site where Weed Shiner was present are denoted by graduated black dots (?) labeled with the total number of Weed Shiner specimens that were collected. 43 Figure 3 ? Relative abundance of Weed Shiner as calculated by the proportion of the assemblage composed of Weed Shiner, found at each site over the course of the study. White circles (?) denote sites that were surveyed and no Weed Shiner were found. Site where Weed Shiner was present are denoted by graduated black dots (?) labeled the relative abundance of Weed Shiner in the fish assemblage rounded to nearest. 44 Figure 4 ? Average annual discharge from Buttahatchee River used as a proxy for discharge in the Bear Creek system. Discharge was collected from USGS gauge 02438000 on Buttahatchee River below Hamilton AL. Figure 5 ? Time-series of regional annual precipitation (?) and discharge (?) in the Buttahachee system used as a proxy for precipitation and discharge in the Bear Creek system. Discharge information was acquire from USGS gauge 02438000 on Buttahatchee River below Hamilton, AL and precipitation from NOAA weather station COOP:013620 in Haleyville, AL. 0 5 10 15 20 25 1998 1999 2000 2007 2008 2009 2012 2013Ann ual Discharge (m 3 /sec ) Year y = 0.3504x - 538.45 R? = 0.0525 y = 0.0174x - 19.396 R? = 0.0063 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 50 100 150 200 250 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Discharge (m 3 /sec ) Pr ecip itat ion (c m) Year (1951-2013) 45 Figure 6 ? NMDS ordination of collections in the Bear Creek system from 1998 ? 2013 with vectors representing the environmental variables affecting the distribution of collections in ordination space. All displayed environmental vectors are significant at the 0.05 level and were fit to the NMDS ordination using envfit function from the vegan package in R. Collections containing Weed Shiner are indicated with a black triangle (?), Collections made in Bear Creek after Weed Shiner introduction but not containing Weed Shiner are marked with white circles (?), and those made prior to Weed Shiner introduction are indicated with grey circles (?). 46 APPENDIX A COLLECTION RECORDS FOR EACH COLLECTION FROM 1998-2013, FROM THE BEAR CREEK SYSTEM, ALABAMA, USA, USED TO DETERMINE WEED SHINER PATTERN OF INVSION AND SHIFTS IN THE FISH ASSEMBLAGE STRUCTURE 47 Appendix A ? Collection records and site localities for fish faunal surveys in the Bear Creek system from 1998-2007 Collections with Weed Shiner are indicated with (*) following the collection date. Site GSA ID Latitude Longitude Location County, State Dates Sampled Historical Data Source Contemporary Survey Date and Collectors 1 MC-1 34.7763 ?N -88.0408 ?W Mill Creek at Mill Creek Loop rd. Colbert, AL 19-Aug-09 * 10-Jul-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 2 BRC-1 34.7674 ?N -88.0574 ?W Buzzard Roost Creek near US Hwy. 72 Colbert, AL 22-May-08 * Shepard et al. 2009 3 BRC-2 34.7617 ?N -88.0333 ?W Buzzard Roost at US Hwy. 72 Colbert, AL 12-Aug-09 * 9-Jul-12* Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 4 BRC-3 34.6981 ?N -87.9890 ?W Buzzard Roost Creek at Co. Hwy. 21 Colbert, AL 6-Aug-08 * 9-Jul-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 5 PC-1 34.7486 ?N -88.1125 ?W Pennywinkle creek at State Line Rd. Colbert, AL 12-Aug-09 * 10-Jul-12 * 22-May-13 * Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 22-May-13: C. C. Johnson, J. B. Smith, A. M. Best, K. Floyd 6 PC-2 34.7417 ?N -88.1550 ?W Pennywinkle Creek at Co. Hwy. 995 Tishomingo, MS 11-Jan-99 4-May-09 * 10-Jul-12 31-Jul-13 * Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 31-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 7 CDC-1 34.7132 ?N -88.1092 ?W Cripple Deer Creek at Co. Hwy. 1 Colbert, AL 19-Aug-08 19-Aug-09 * 10-Jul-12 * Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 8 TBC-1 34.7177 ?N -88.0779 ?W Bear Creek Tributary on Buddy Durham Rd. Colbert, AL 23-Sep-09 10-Jul-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 48 Appendix A Continued ? Collection records and site localities for fish faunal surveys in the Bear Creek system from 1998-2007 Collections with Weed Shiner are indicated with (*) following the collection date. Site GSA ID Latitude Longitude Location County, State Dates Sampled Historical Data Source Contemporary Survey Date and Collectors 9 BC-3 34.7224 ?N -88.0860 ?W Bear Creek, 2 miles upstream of Co. Hwy. 4 Colbert, AL 19-Nov-07 * Shepard et al. 2009 10 BC-5 34.6984 ?N -88.0846 ?W Bear Creek at river mile 22.25 Colbert, AL 22-May-08 Shepard et al. 2009 11 BC-6 34.6716 ?N -88.0894 ?W Bear Creek at Natchez Trace Colbert, AL 22-May-08 13-Aug-09 * 10-Jul-12 * Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 12 BC-7 34.6596 ?N -88.0923 ?W Bear Creek at Natchez Trace Colbert, AL 16-Jun-99 1-Aug-08 * 10-Jul-12 31-Jul-13 * Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 31-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 13 BC-8 34.6342 ?N -88.1541 ?W Bear Creek at MS Hwy. 30 Tishomingo, MS 15-Jun-99 19-Aug-08 * 11-Jul-12 * Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 31-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 14 BC-9 34.6071 ?N -88.1736 ?W Bear Creek at Tishomingo State Park Tishomingo, MS 15-Jun-99 12-Aug-09 * Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 15 BC-10 34.5649 ?N -88.1901 ?W Bear creek at Co. Hwy. 86 Tishomingo, MS 16-Jun-99 19-Aug-08 * 21-Aug-09 * 11-Jul-12 31-Jul-13 * Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 31-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 49 Appendix A Continued ? Collection records and site localities for fish faunal surveys in the Bear Creek system from 1998-2007 Collections with Weed Shiner are indicated with (*) following the collection date. Site GSA ID Latitude Longitude Location County, State Dates Sampled Historical Data Source Contemporary Survey Date and Collectors 16 BC-11 34.4441 ?N -88.1157 ?W Bear Creek at Co. Hwy Franklin, AL 11-Sep-08 * 10-Jul-09 11-Jul-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 17 BC-12 34.4320 ?N -88.0533 ?W Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 25 Franklin, AL 5-Aug-08 * Shepard et al. 2009 18 BC-13 34.3591 ?N -87.9022 ?W Bear Creek at AL Hwy. 187 Franklin, AL 31-Dec-98 12-Aug-09 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 19 BC-14 34.3163 ?N -87.8586 ?W Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 57 Franklin, AL 13-Jun-00 5-Aug-08 5-Aug-09 17-Jul-12 20-May-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 20-May-13: J, Powell, J. Prichett, J. Gleason, M. Laschett, D. Rollman 20 BC-15 34.2780 ?N -87.7213 ?W Bear Creek at AL Hwy. 241 Marion, AL 12-Jun-00 30-Jul-08 17-Jul-12 30-Jul-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 30-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 21 BC-16 34.3394 ?N -87.5466 ?W Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 93 Franklin, AL 12-Jun-00 8-Jul-09 18-Jun-12 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 23-May-13: C. C. Johnson, P. E. O?Neil, J. B. Smith, E. A. Wynn, W. J. Stiles, A. M. Best 50 Appendix A Continued ? Collection records and site localities for fish faunal surveys in the Bear Creek system from 1998-2007 Collections with Weed Shiner are indicated with (*) following the collection date. Site GSA ID Latitude Longitude Location County, State Dates Sampled Historical Data Source Contemporary Survey Date and Collectors 22 CSB-1 34.3517 ?N -87.5616 ?W Chenault Spring Branch at Co. Hwy. 34 Franklin, AL 8-Jul-09 18-Jun-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 23 TC-3 34.3646 ?N -87.5993 ?W Turkey Creek at Co. Hwy. 89 Franklin, AL 13-Aug-09 18-Jun-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 24 MB-1 34.3930 ?N -87.5532 ?W McNair Branch at Co. Hwy. 38 Franklin, AL 13-Aug-09 18-Jun-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 25 ULB-2 34.4008 ?N -87.6275 ?W Little Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 34 Franklin, AL 12-Jun-00 8-Jul-09 13-Jun-12 22-May-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 22-May-13: J, Powell, J. Prichett, J. Gleason, M. Laschett, D. Rollman 26 ULB-3 34.4180 ?N -87.6031 ?W Little Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 38 Franklin, AL 13-Aug-09 13-Jun-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 27 RC-1 34.6318 ?N -88.0910 ?W Rock Creek at Co. Hwy. 1 Colbert, AL 6-Aug-08 * Shepard et al. 2009 28 CHC-1 34.6274 ?N -88.0249 ?W Chandelower Creek at Sally Burns Rd. and Co. Rd. 1 Colbert, AL 4-May-09 Shepard et al. 2009 29 CC-1 34.6444 ?N -88.1325 ?W Cedar Creek at Natchez Trace Colbert, AL 1-Aug-08 10-Sep-08 20-Aug-09 * 11-Jul-12 31-Jul-13 * Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 31-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 51 Appendix A Continued ? Collection records and site localities for fish faunal surveys in the Bear Creek system from 1998-2007 Collections with Weed Shiner are indicated with (*) following the collection date. Site GSA ID Latitude Longitude Location County, State Dates Sampled Historical Data Source Contemporary Survey Date and Collectors 30 CC-2 34.5628 ?N -88.1099 ?W Cedar Creek at Co. Rd. 290 Franklin, AL 31-Jul-08 6-Aug-08 * 20-Aug-09 * Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 31 CC-3 34.5584 ?N -88.0944 ?W Cedar Creek at Co. Rd. 190 Franklin, AL 20-Aug-09 Shepard et al. 2009 32 CC-4 34.5529 ?N -88.0983 ?W Cedar Creek at Co. Hwy. 90 Franklin, AL 16-Jun-99 10-Sep-08 9-Jul-09 * 11-Jul-12 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 33 CC-7 34.5522 ?N -87.9851 ?W Cedar Creek at AL Hwy. 247 Franklin, AL 29-Apr-09 11-Aug-09 19-Jul-12 22-May-13 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 22-May-13 C. C. Johnson, J. B. Smith, A. M. Best, K. Floyd 34 CC-9 34.5023 ?N -87.8338 ?W Cedar Creek at Co. Hwy. 73 Franklin, AL 23-May-08 19-Jul-12 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 35 CC-11 34.4652 ?N -87.7538 ?W Cedar Creek at US Hwy. 43 Franklin, AL 21-Mar-00 31-Jul-08 9-Jul-09 19-Jul-12 21-May-13 1-Aug-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 21-May-13: P. E. O?Neil, E. A. Wynn, A. Ford, W. J. Stiles 1-Aug-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 52 Appendix A Continued ? Collection records and site localities for fish faunal surveys in the Bear Creek system from 1998-2007 Collections with Weed Shiner are indicated with (*) following the collection date. Site GSA ID Latitude Longitude Location County, State Dates Sampled Historical Data Source Contemporary Survey Date and Collectors 36 LBC-2 34.4593 ?N -88.0026 ?W Little Bear Creek at AL Hwy. 24 Franklin, AL 7-Jan-99 31-Jul-08 9-Mar-09 * 19-Jul-12 22-May-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 22-May-13: P. E. O?Neil, E. A. Wynn, A. Ford, W. J. Stiles 37 LBC-4 34.4013 ?N -87.8744 ?W Little Bear Creek at AL Hwy. 187 Franklin, AL 31-Dec-98 21-Nov-08 27-May-09 22-May-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 22-May-13: J, Powell, J. Prichett, J. Gleason, M. Laschett, D. Rollman 38 LBC-5 34.3827 ?N -87.8372 ?W Little Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 122 Franklin, AL 22-Mar-00 21-Nov-08 30-Jul-08 18-Jul-12 21-May-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 21-May-13: P. E. O?Neil, E. A. Wynn, A. Ford, W. J. Stiles 39 LBC-6 34.3763 ?N -87.7738 ?W Little Bear Creek at Co. Hwy. 59 Franklin, AL 31-Dec-98 18-Aug-08 18-Jul-12 30-30-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 30-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 40 LBC-7 34.3647 ?N -87.7322 ?W Little Bear Creek at McCarley Rd. Franklin, AL 21-Mar-00 21-Nov-08 12-Jul-12 31-Jul-13 Phillips 2001 Shepard et al. 2009 Johnston 2012 30-Jul-13: A. M. Best, W. J. Stiles, M. L. Stevenson, M. C. Sconyers 53 APPENDIX B COLLECTION RECORDS FROM THE BEAR CREEK SYSTEM 1968-2013 54 Appendix B ? Collection records from the Bear Creek system including historical surveys from Wall 1968, Philips 2001, Shepard et al. 2009, and Johnston 2012, and contemporary collections from 2013. Sites 1 ? 4. Site 1 1 2 3 3 4 Year 2009 2012 2008 2009 2012 2008 Taxa 15 9 29 25 25 27 Individuals 293 90 145 641 523 524 Shannon (H) 2.110 1.813 2.847 2.326 1.479 2.359 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.550 0.681 0.594 0.410 0.176 0.392 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar 1 Lepisosteus osseus longnose far 2 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad 7 Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 19 4 6 150 26 30 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace 19 Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 3 4 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 1 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 111 3 96 28 144 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 33 1 103 3 51 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 4 13 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner 13 1 1 37 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 2 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 20 1 30 7 1 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 1 9 1 339 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 55 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 1-4 Continued. Site 1 1 2 3 3 4 Year 2009 2012 2008 2009 2012 2008 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 1 17 65 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 5 25 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 5 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 5 1 3 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 1 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 2 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 1 1 1 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel 4 2 Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 4 2 1 15 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 2 4 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 1 3 56 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 1-4 Coninued. Site 1 1 2 3 3 4 Year 2009 2012 2008 2009 2012 2008 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 39 12 50 22 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass 8 Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 9 3 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish 1 Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 2 2 1 28 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 2 Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 5 17 62 7 5 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 14 1 29 36 1 77 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish 1 Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 1 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 3 1 23 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 9 2 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 5 2 1 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 10 3 1 3 4 2 Etheostoma duryi black darter 13 6 11 3 16 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter 2 Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 7 19 2 2 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 7 9 46 50 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch 2 Percina caprodes logperch 2 4 5 1 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 1 Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 2 57 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 4 ? 6. Site 4 4 5 5 5 6 Year 2012 2013 2009 2012 2013 1968 Taxa 16 23 24 19 16 5 Individuals 237 673 297 305 148 20 Shannon (H) 1.626 2.156 2.387 1.479 2.020 1.175 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.318 0.375 0.454 0.231 0.471 0.648 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey 1 Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 1 221 25 1 10 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 32 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 2 2 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 55 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 16 30 31 86 42 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 9 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 133 13 3 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 5 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 25 12 16 Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 17 6 44 Notropis boops bigeye shiner 22 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 99 162 1 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 1 2 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 58 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 4 ? 6 Coninued. Site 4 4 5 5 5 6 Year 2012 2013 2009 2012 2013 1968 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 16 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow 2 Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 1 10 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 2 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 12 1 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 2 2 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom 1 Noturus funebris black madtom 5 1 7 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel 1 Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 13 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 23 25 6 3 8 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 7 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 59 60 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 4 ? 6 Coninued. Site 4 4 5 5 5 6 Year 2012 2013 2009 2012 2013 1968 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 6 4 5 1 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 2 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 1 1 1 9 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish 1 Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 1 8 5 1 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 16 17 19 6 2 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 3 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 3 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid 2 2 Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 16 3 2 2 Etheostoma duryi black darter 2 5 2 1 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 1 1 2 2 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter 1 Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 2 168 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 29 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 1 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter 4 21 2 Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 8 7 5 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 61 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 6 ? 7. Site 6 6 6 6 7 7 Year 1998 2009 2012 2013 2008 2009 Taxa 5 20 14 10 22 23 Individuals 13 201 142 88 131 502 Shannon (H) 1.378 2.353 1.719 1.458 2.659 2.089 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.793 0.526 0.399 0.430 0.649 0.351 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 1 15 3 5 3 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 4 2 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 6 20 11 6 16 74 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 2 8 128 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 27 12 15 2 Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner 2 Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 1 64 74 50 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 2 6 18 115 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 6 14 86 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 62 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 6 ? 7 Continued. Site 6 6 6 6 7 7 Year 1998 2009 2012 2013 2008 2009 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 2 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 2 19 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 9 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 1 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 4 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 2 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom 4 1 1 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel 2 3 Esox niger chain pickerel 1 Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch 5 Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 2 4 3 9 13 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 17 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 1 8 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 6 ? 7 Continued. 63 Site 6 6 6 6 7 7 Year 1998 2009 2012 2013 2008 2009 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 2 1 3 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 4 1 2 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 1 Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 9 2 2 11 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 14 20 16 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 2 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish 1 Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 3 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid 2 Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 1 Etheostoma duryi black darter 3 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter 1 Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter 2 2 Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 5 1 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter 2 3 Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter 1 Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 1 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 3 1 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter 11 3 3 10 4 Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 5 6 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum Appendix B Continued ? Sites 8 - 11. 64 Site 8 9 10 11 11 11 Year 2012 2007 2008 2008 2009 2012 Taxa 5 12 29 42 30 15 Individuals 21 79 380 1021 306 106 Shannon (H) 1.297 1.986 2.210 1.955 2.911 2.019 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.732 0.607 0.314 0.168 0.613 0.502 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey 1 Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey 1 Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar 1 Lepisosteus osseus longnose far 3 17 13 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad 25 92 252 Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad 100 457 Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 9 5 18 6 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 10 12 11 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 1 2 Cyprinus carpio common carp 5 Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 4 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner 3 Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 2 18 43 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 68 15 3 4 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace Appendix B Continued ? Sites 8 ? 11 Continued . Site 8 9 10 11 11 11 65 Year 2012 2007 2008 2008 2009 2012 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 1 1 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 19 2 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 7 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback 2 Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker 3 Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 1 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 4 13 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo 7 20 30 8 Ictiobus niger black buffalo 3 Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 9 4 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse 1 2 3 Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse 1 3 21 Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse 1 3 6 24 Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 1 2 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 3 5 22 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 2 2 3 8 1 Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom 2 Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 1 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel 2 Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish 2 4 Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 14 3 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 2 1 2 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 4 7 66 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 8 ? 11 Continued . Site 8 9 10 11 11 11 Year 2012 2007 2008 2008 2009 2012 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 5 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass 6 81 Morone saxatilis striped bass 10 1 Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 2 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish 2 Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 3 22 14 15 1 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 14 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 18 2 23 55 5 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 4 3 5 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 5 2 2 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 6 11 5 8 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 1 2 Pomoxis annularis white crappie 1 Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie 1 Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter Etheostoma duryi black darter 1 3 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter 1 2 Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 2 20 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 1 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch 28 Percina caprodes logperch 1 2 Percina evides gilt darter 2 3 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 1 Percina sciera dusky darter 3 7 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 1 1 1 67 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 12 ? 13. Site 12 12 12 12 13 13 Year 1998 2008 2012 2013 1968 1999 Taxa 14 27 19 21 11 15 Individuals 96 556 302 343 31 66 Shannon (H) 2.229 2.468 2.441 2.250 2.125 2.484 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.664 0.437 0.605 0.452 0.761 0.799 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 19 80 43 34 2 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 1 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 4 13 2 8 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 4 6 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 6 1 4 7 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner 2 Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 63 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 1 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner 1 Notropis telescopus telescope shiner 4 Notropis texanus weed shiner 10 51 50 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 12 42 45 63 4 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 68 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 12 ? 13 Continued. Site 12 12 12 12 13 13 Year 1998 2008 2012 2013 1968 1999 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 3 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 4 3 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 19 33 18 8 12 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse 1 Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 1 3 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 1 1 1 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 2 Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom 1 2 Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 2 21 18 10 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 4 3 2 1 3 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 2 27 7 6 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 32 69 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 12 ? 13 Continued. Site 12 12 12 12 13 13 Year 1998 2008 2012 2013 1968 1999 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 16 25 17 3 1 4 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 2 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 6 66 1 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 6 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 2 6 9 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 105 5 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 1 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 6 8 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie 6 3 Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 6 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter Etheostoma duryi black darter 1 7 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 2 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 6 121 34 7 1 1 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 2 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 2 27 3 10 2 Percina evides gilt darter 6 6 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter 1 3 2 8 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 70 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 13 ? 14. Site 13 13 13 14 14 14 Year 2008 2012 2013 1968 1999 2009 Taxa 28 15 16 12 12 22 Individuals 398 124 121 92 33 282 Shannon (H) 1.705 1.877 2.288 2.054 2.172 2.244 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.197 0.436 0.616 0.650 0.731 0.429 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 61 11 4 3 22 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 17 4 18 1 3 21 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 1 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 5 26 2 40 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner 1 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 3 2 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner 8 Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 3 53 19 4 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 7 20 15 8 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow 16 Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 71 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 13 ? 14 Continued. Site 13 13 13 14 14 14 Year 2008 2012 2013 1968 1999 2009 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 1 7 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 2 8 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 8 3 7 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 2 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead 1 Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom 3 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom 4 Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish 1 Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 1 1 1 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 7 1 1 3 3 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 2 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 1 10 72 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 13 ? 14 Continued. Site 13 13 13 14 14 14 Year 2008 2012 2013 1968 1999 2009 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 3 3 1 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 2 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 3 14 1 3 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 2 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 13 2 3 41 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 2 2 2 3 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 3 1 2 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter Etheostoma duryi black darter 1 1 1 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter 4 Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter 1 1 1 Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 233 17 24 2 93 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 1 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 4 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 7 4 5 Percina evides gilt darter 6 3 3 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 10 Percina sciera dusky darter 1 3 13 11 11 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 73 Appendix B Continued ? Site 15. Site 15 15 15 15 15 15 Year 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 Taxa 11 12 26 30 21 14 Individuals 42 117 278 689 157 90 Shannon (H) 2.027 1.846 2.478 2.035 2.315 2.129 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.690 0.528 0.459 0.255 0.482 0.601 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 3 5 77 177 33 11 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 6 3 19 2 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 11 1 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 7 51 17 14 16 31 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 1 Nocomis micropogon river chub 1 Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner 10 Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner 5 1 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 25 17 2 4 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 9 2 2 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 13 3 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 74 Appendix B Continued ? Site 15. Site 15 15 15 15 15 15 Year 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 1 1 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 1 5 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 5 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 1 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 14 17 84 18 13 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 10 1 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 3 10 Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom 1 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom 1 Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 1 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 2 1 3 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 1 6 11 1 4 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 2 12 1 9 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 1 75 Appendix B Continued ? Site 15. Site 15 15 15 15 15 15 Year 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 2 1 4 1 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 10 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 1 3 9 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 2 1 29 69 32 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 2 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 5 4 5 3 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 3 2 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 1 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 1 Etheostoma duryi black darter 1 6 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter 1 Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 3 2 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 40 231 18 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 1 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 1 2 4 Percina evides gilt darter 4 5 4 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 2 Percina sciera dusky darter 2 16 5 5 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 1 76 Appendix B Continued ? Site 16 ? 18. Site 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 Year 2008 2009 2012 2008 1968 1998 2009 Taxa 19 13 9 24 16 7 22 Individuals 292 184 54 380 77 45 198 Shannon (H) 2.346 1.957 2.088 2.268 2.544 1.204 2.394 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.550 0.544 0.897 0.402 0.795 0.476 0.498 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad 19 Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 26 23 8 112 6 3 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 42 31 32 53 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner 10 1 Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 10 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 24 34 7 1 6 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 1 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 6 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 4 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 1 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner 6 Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 5 Notropis boops bigeye shiner 5 1 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 67 3 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 2 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 77 Appendix B Continued ? Site 16 ? 18 Continued. Site 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 Year 2008 2009 2012 2008 1968 1998 2009 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 1 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow 5 Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 68 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 2 12 6 6 4 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 6 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 1 15 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 2 2 1 Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom 1 Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom 1 Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 1 1 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 16 3 7 2 5 25 6 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 11 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 4 5 13 78 Appendix B Continued ? Site 16 ? 18 Continued. Site 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 Year 2008 2009 2012 2008 1968 1998 2009 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 6 6 41 1 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 8 11 3 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 3 7 2 1 3 30 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 17 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 30 46 5 19 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 21 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 3 4 4 2 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 1 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 2 Etheostoma duryi black darter 5 1 3 1 1 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 2 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 43 45 21 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 1 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 1 13 1 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 1 Percina evides gilt darter 2 3 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter 6 1 4 9 3 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 79 Appendix B Continued ? Site 19 Site 19 19 19 19 19 19 Year 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 Taxa 18 8 22 18 7 17 Individuals 93 118 697 267 68 514 Shannon (H) 2.101 1.522 1.902 1.427 1.716 1.384 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.454 0.573 0.305 0.231 0.795 0.235 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 2 8 241 17 21 115 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 16 206 23 7 30 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 35 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 22 44 6 5 20 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 25 2 6 15 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 8 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 2 Nocomis micropogon river chub 1 Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner 2 Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 1 4 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 2 3 20 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner 35 Notropis telescopus telescope shiner 11 Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 80 Appendix B Continued ? Site 19 Site 19 19 19 19 19 19 Year 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 3 2 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 2 1 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 1 33 3 4 2 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 2 3 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 1 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 1 1 Noturus exilis slender madtom 1 Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 1 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 1 15 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 81 Appendix B Continued ? Site 19 Site 19 19 19 19 19 19 Year 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 3 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 2 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 6 6 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 23 4 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 1 1 4 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 13 1 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 2 1 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 2 1 3 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 11 3 Etheostoma duryi black darter Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 32 72 179 7 298 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 8 2 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 1 1 9 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 4 4 2 4 8 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 1 Percina sciera dusky darter 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 82 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 20-21. Site 20 20 20 20 20 21 Year 1968 2000 2008 2012 2013 1968 Taxa 9 5 12 10 13 8 Individuals 49 53 547 159 75 184 Shannon (H) 1.534 0.861 0.717 1.362 1.554 1.149 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.515 0.473 0.171 0.391 0.364 0.394 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 12 96 44 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace 466 Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 37 25 10 10 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 5 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 2 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 2 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 3 1 1 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 16 15 88 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 21 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 8 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 1 Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 1 75 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 2 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 83 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 20-21 Continued. Site 20 20 20 20 20 21 Year 1968 2000 2008 2012 2013 1968 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 1 4 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 2 7 4 1 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom 1 Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 2 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 3 1 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 84 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 20-21 Continued. Site 20 20 20 20 20 21 Year 1968 2000 2008 2012 2013 1968 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 1 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 5 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 6 6 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 1 5 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 1 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 2 10 1 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 1 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter Etheostoma duryi black darter Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 2 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 3 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 20 1 2 6 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter 17 Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 4 Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 85 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 21 ? 22. Site 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 Year 1998 2009 2013 2013 2013 2009 2012 Taxa 13 15 13 15 16 8 6 Individuals 185 173 162 125 287 81 78 Shannon (H) 1.711 2.144 2.105 2.278 2.275 1.504 1.399 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.426 0.569 0.632 0.651 0.608 0.562 0.675 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 2 25 16 33 49 1 3 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace 1 Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 10 7 13 12 25 12 4 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 66 28 9 16 25 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 1 7 8 15 11 15 Nocomis micropogon river chub 3 Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 44 57 12 69 38 37 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 86 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 21 ? 22 Continued. Site 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 Year 1998 2009 2013 2013 2013 2009 2012 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 3 16 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub 14 Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 2 3 5 8 13 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead 1 1 Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 3 3 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom 1 4 2 6 Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom 1 Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 4 4 7 8 15 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 87 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 21 ? 22 Continued. Site 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 Year 1998 2009 2013 2013 2013 2009 2012 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 1 2 1 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 3 47 3 2 5 2 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 3 16 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 9 2 11 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 3 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 2 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter Etheostoma duryi black darter Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 43 22 26 15 41 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter 3 10 3 3 6 2 3 Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 88 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 23 ? 25. Site 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 Year 2009 2012 2009 2012 1968 1998 2009 Taxa 8 8 14 10 6 7 18 Individuals 24 53 310 112 159 74 235 Shannon (H) 1.791 1.491 1.831 1.560 1.061 1.488 2.243 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.749 0.555 0.446 0.476 0.482 0.633 0.524 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 11 34 9 12 52 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 4 73 16 13 5 18 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 1 4 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 22 2 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 2 1 16 7 22 2 Nocomis micropogon river chub 8 Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner 1 Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner 1 Notropis baileyi rough shiner 1 5 121 61 108 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 89 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 23 ? 25 Continued. Site 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 Year 2009 2012 2009 2012 1968 1998 2009 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow Pimephales promelas fathead minnow 2 Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 5 7 12 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 7 3 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 1 6 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 3 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 3 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom 3 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom 1 Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 3 2 1 2 4 14 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 90 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 23 ? 25 Continued. Site 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 Year 2009 2012 2009 2012 1968 1998 2009 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 3 3 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 9 27 9 39 56 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 1 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 3 3 1 5 35 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 1 11 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter Etheostoma duryi black darter Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 14 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 1 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 7 6 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter 3 3 4 11 Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 91 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 25 ? 28. Site 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 Year 2012 2013 2009 2012 2008 2009 2012 Taxa 12 14 16 17 27 10 13 Individuals 127 226 153 250 476 60 168 Shannon (H) 1.894 2.133 2.289 1.708 2.087 2.053 1.455 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.554 0.603 0.617 0.325 0.299 0.779 0.330 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey 21 Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 16 36 26 25 15 18 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace 96 Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 5 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner 4 Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 5 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 52 28 34 206 4 100 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 3 1 86 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 36 7 8 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 4 2 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 7 3 6 Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 19 58 3 Notropis boops bigeye shiner 2 2 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 1 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 8 15 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 92 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 25 ? 28 Continued. Site 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 Year 2012 2013 2009 2012 2008 2009 2012 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 13 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 4 3 12 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker 4 1 Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 5 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse 5 Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse 1 Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 2 2 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom 2 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom 1 3 Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel 4 Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 4 23 2 21 5 15 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 93 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 25 ? 28 Continued. Site 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 Year 2012 2013 2009 2012 2008 2009 2012 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 1 13 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass 6 Morone saxatilis striped bass 2 Centrarchidae 1 Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 8 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 1 2 7 5 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 11 14 4 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 1 10 17 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 2 93 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish 4 Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 4 5 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 2 4 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie 6 Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 4 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 3 2 1 Etheostoma duryi black darter 8 5 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 8 7 1 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter 11 Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 2 1 2 1 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 22 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 11 1 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 2 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter 12 3 27 Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 2 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 94 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 29 ? 30. Site 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 2013 2008 2008 Taxa 28 31 16 15 22 20 24 Individuals 329 657 204 104 790 194 499 Shannon (H) 2.349 2.595 1.632 1.830 2.242 2.162 2.247 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.374 0.432 0.320 0.416 0.428 0.434 0.394 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far 1 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 35 184 14 10 261 26 42 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 3 5 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 17 10 4 7 32 52 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 72 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 1 32 3 64 1 20 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 2 2 1 35 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner 1 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner 7 18 3 5 Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 7 4 6 12 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 17 20 121 54 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 95 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 29 ? 30 Continued. Site 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 2013 2008 2008 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 4 42 9 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 7 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 8 47 1 12 1 3 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 21 3 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 2 1 Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom 2 1 Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom 1 Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 1 1 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel 1 Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 8 7 11 2 2 21 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 4 3 5 3 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 3 4 20 3 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 47 7 20 96 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 29 ? 30 Continued. Site 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 2013 2008 2008 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 24 29 4 2 16 7 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 6 3 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish 9 Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 15 3 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 1 Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 3 2 2 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 44 26 4 7 27 67 68 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 1 1 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 3 4 2 2 1 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 1 1 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 4 20 7 21 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 1 78 1 Etheostoma duryi black darter 1 3 3 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter 2 4 Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 1 3 2 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 118 96 3 4 113 15 181 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 3 9 3 17 6 19 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 6 33 3 1 3 10 3 Percina evides gilt darter 5 21 1 2 4 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 6 Percina sciera dusky darter 1 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 97 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 31 ? 33 Site 31 32 32 32 32 32 33 Year 2012 1968 1999 2008 2009 2012 2008 Taxa 11 12 11 27 21 16 23 Individuals 114 105 45 289 193 87 380 Shannon (H) 1.469 1.717 1.689 2.200 2.213 2.291 2.145 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.395 0.464 0.492 0.334 0.435 0.618 0.372 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far 1 1 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad 10 Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 10 34 16 34 27 6 65 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace 1 Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 1 3 1 5 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 38 3 22 11 1 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner 1 Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 20 1 3 1 40 17 13 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 7 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner 1 Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 2 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 3 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 98 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 31 ? 33 Continued. Site 31 32 32 32 32 32 33 Year 2012 1968 1999 2008 2009 2012 2008 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 2 8 2 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 2 8 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 64 8 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 1 6 1 4 9 4 3 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 1 13 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish 1 Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 6 1 3 3 11 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 1 1 7 1 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 1 5 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 1 2 23 99 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 31 ? 33 Continued. Site 31 32 32 32 32 32 33 Year 2012 1968 1999 2008 2009 2012 2008 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 2 6 2 2 1 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 2 2 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 3 4 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 1 12 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 1 15 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 60 22 3 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 3 2 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 1 1 4 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 2 17 Etheostoma duryi black darter 4 3 9 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter 1 Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 1 1 1 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 4 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 2 16 102 52 18 157 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 8 4 19 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 2 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 5 1 1 5 Percina evides gilt darter 4 8 4 1 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter 1 Percina sciera dusky darter 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 100 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 33 ? 35. Site 33 33 33 34 34 35 35 Year 2008 2012 2013 2008 2012 1968 1998 Taxa 23 12 16 31 20 8 12 Individuals 433 334 202 533 826 31 51 Shannon (H) 2.069 1.575 2.322 2.432 2.128 1.515 1.887 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.344 0.402 0.637 0.367 0.420 0.569 0.550 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey 1 Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad 195 Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad 13 Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 87 156 50 49 228 1 1 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 11 7 6 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 10 6 31 34 1 17 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp 24 Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 92 10 10 22 22 1 2 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 12 15 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 11 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 1 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 5 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner 1 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner 1 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 118 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 101 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 33 ? 35 Continued. Site 33 33 33 34 34 35 35 Year 2008 2012 2013 2008 2012 1968 1998 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 2 27 6 1 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker 15 1 Carpiodes cyprinus quilback 1 Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 10 7 32 2 6 1 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 11 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse 10 Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse 1 Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 11 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 5 4 5 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 1 6 Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 6 10 16 72 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 4 5 3 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 46 9 2 163 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 24 1 2 2 102 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 33 ? 35 Continued. Site 33 33 33 34 34 35 35 Year 2008 2012 2013 2008 2012 1968 1998 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 4 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass 1 Morone mississippiensis yellow bass 65 Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 3 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 7 1 2 10 2 3 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 3 Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 4 5 15 7 1 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 17 1 10 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 3 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 2 3 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 11 4 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie 2 Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 1 9 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 2 7 84 2 Etheostoma duryi black darter 6 5 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 1 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 136 80 20 47 1 3 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 7 7 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 1 3 16 1 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 1 103 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 35 ? 36. Site 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 2013 1968 1998 Taxa 26 27 18 31 22 12 13 Individuals 1340 437 358 318 124 130 198 Shannon (H) 1.970 2.659 2.409 2.677 2.610 1.648 1.260 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.276 0.529 0.618 0.469 0.618 0.433 0.271 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey 1 Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey 28 Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far 1 1 Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 598 32 38 63 3 2 10 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace 2 Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 1 23 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 36 19 25 5 8 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 15 12 19 15 5 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 190 28 11 2 13 8 134 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 1 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner 4 Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 2 62 6 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner 1 Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 5 Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner 3 4 2 1 3 Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner 1 Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 2 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 104 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 35 ? 36 Continued. Site 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 2013 1968 1998 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 4 7 2 17 4 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow 1 Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow 3 Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 1 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 64 8 9 3 8 1 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 2 1 5 3 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 2 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 6 2 55 1 1 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 2 15 7 1 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 1 4 11 1 3 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 3 105 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 35 ? 36 Continued. Site 35 35 35 35 35 36 36 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 2013 1968 1998 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 12 1 1 1 6 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 8 2 1 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 7 6 9 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 2 Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 9 12 3 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 20 89 11 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 1 20 4 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 2 1 1 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 5 1 3 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid 1 Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 60 13 37 28 2 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 67 47 9 9 2 26 3 Etheostoma duryi black darter 4 6 75 23 12 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 2 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 1 1 1 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 150 31 35 10 34 53 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 67 24 61 12 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 1 2 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter 2 2 Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 13 11 16 8 1 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter 1 Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 106 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 36 ? 37. Site 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 1968 1998 2008 Taxa 23 20 12 20 14 11 12 Individuals 748 291 91 248 72 110 53 Shannon (H) 1.972 2.006 1.657 2.164 2.286 0.895 2.048 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.313 0.372 0.437 0.435 0.702 0.222 0.646 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey 1 Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 238 90 44 73 1 2 2 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 13 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 4 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 1 1 6 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 237 14 17 11 2 5 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 2 89 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 5 1 4 10 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 1 2 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner 4 Notropis texanus weed shiner 1 Notropis volucellus mimic shiner 3 1 Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 107 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 36 ? 37 Continued. Site 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 1968 1998 2008 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 6 2 6 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 2 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 17 2 1 3 1 1 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 2 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 4 3 15 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom 1 Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 1 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 3 2 1 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish 2 1 Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 108 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 36 ? 37 Continued. Site 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 Year 2008 2009 2012 2013 1968 1998 2008 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 19 9 4 1 10 2 3 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 23 7 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 2 Lepomis gulosus warmouth 1 Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 8 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 16 2 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 3 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 3 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 1 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie 2 Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 19 17 1 3 1 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 2 22 2 41 9 5 8 Etheostoma duryi black darter 9 6 55 2 7 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 11 4 9 1 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 1 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 71 80 12 4 4 2 1 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 51 33 12 17 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 1 2 5 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter 1 Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 1 1 1 Percina evides gilt darter 1 Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 109 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 37 ? 38. Site 37 37 38 38 38 38 38 Year 2009 2013 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Taxa 22 20 23 9 13 18 23 Individuals 608 315 334 45 86 187 673 Shannon (H) 2.007 2.409 2.306 1.836 2.086 2.229 2.156 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.338 0.556 0.436 0.697 0.620 0.516 0.375 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey 3 Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 286 64 12 1 4 10 221 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 10 38 75 12 2 3 32 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 2 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 27 24 13 2 55 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 48 19 21 2 1 43 30 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 99 11 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 1 6 8 3 13 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 2 Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 4 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner 1 Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 110 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 37 ? 38 Conintued. Site 37 37 38 38 38 38 38 Year 2009 2013 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 4 16 16 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 6 5 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 14 2 3 1 1 14 12 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse 1 Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 15 1 2 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish 4 Noturus exilis slender madtom 1 1 Noturus funebris black madtom Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 1 9 5 1 34 13 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 13 8 4 4 5 25 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 1 111 Appendix B Continued ? Sites 37 ? 38 Continued. Site 37 37 38 38 38 38 38 Year 2009 2013 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 30 13 11 5 6 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass 4 1 2 Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish 3 Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 1 1 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 36 14 1 1 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 1 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 20 3 2 17 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish 1 Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 1 1 1 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 2 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 11 10 1 5 9 3 16 Etheostoma duryi black darter 6 13 2 2 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter 2 1 Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter 1 1 Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 70 64 17 9 18 35 168 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 14 28 22 29 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 20 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter 22 Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 8 3 1 8 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 112 Appendix B Continued ? Site 39. Site 39 39 39 39 39 Year 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Taxa 14 9 23 17 14 Individuals 99 29 404 212 93 Shannon (H) 2.058 2.024 2.348 2.087 2.060 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.560 0.841 0.455 0.474 0.561 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 3 6 138 72 17 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner 18 39 2 5 Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner 3 Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 1 22 5 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 1 24 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner 11 7 Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 44 12 34 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub 4 Nocomis micropogon river chub 6 Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner 34 Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner 10 Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 113 Appendix B Continued ? Site 39 Continued. Site 39 39 39 39 39 Year 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow 2 1 Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 1 7 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 3 1 6 7 5 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker 1 Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse 1 Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 1 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom 13 10 Noturus funebris black madtom 5 1 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish 2 1 Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 3 9 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 114 Appendix B Continued ? Site 39 Continued. Site 39 39 39 39 39 Year 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 2 2 1 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 4 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 1 3 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 13 2 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass 3 1 Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass 2 Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter 1 Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 12 6 Etheostoma duryi black darter 4 2 19 9 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter 26 Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter 3 Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater 1 3 Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 21 45 9 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter 10 4 Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 23 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter 1 Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 1 2 2 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 115 Appendix B Continued ? Site 40. Site 40 40 40 40 40 Year 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Taxa 3 3 8 11 9 Individuals 13 8 8 38 28 Shannon (H) 0.984 0.736 2.079 1.840 1.776 Evenness (e^H/S) 0.892 0.696 1.000 0.572 0.656 Species Common Name Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Lepisossteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar Lepisosteus osseus longnose far Clupeidae Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cyprinidae Campostoma oligolepis largescale stoneroller 1 1 2 Campostoma pauciradii bluefin stoneroller Clinostomus funduloides rosyside dace Cyprinella callistia Alabama shiner Cyprinella galactura whitetail shiner Cyprinella spiloptera spotfin shiner Cyprinella venusta blacktail shiner Cyprinella whipplei steelcolor shiner Cyprinus carpio common carp Hybopsis amblops bigeye chub 1 1 Luxilus chrysocephalus striped shiner 1 Lythrurus ardens rosefin shiner Lythrurus bellus pretty shiner Lythrurus fasciolaris scarlet shiner 13 Lythrurus fumeus ribbon shiner Nocomis leptocephalus bluehead chub Nocomis micropogon river chub Notemigonus crysoleucas golden shiner Notropis atherinoides emerald shiner Notropis asperifrons burrhead shiner Notropis baileyi rough shiner Notropis boops bigeye shiner Notropis micropteryx highland shiner Notropis rubellus rosyface shiner Notropis telescopus telescope shiner Notropis texanus weed shiner Notropis volucellus mimic shiner Opsopoeodus emiliae pugnose minnow Phoxinus erythrogaster southern redbelly dace 116 Appendix B Continued ? Site 40 Continued. Site 40 40 40 40 40 Year 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Species Common Name Pimephales notatus bluntnose minnow Pimephales promelas fathead minnow Pimephales vigilax bullhead minnow Rhinichthys atratulus blacknose dace Semotilus atromaculatus creek chub 1 18 Semotilus thoreauianus Dixie chub Catostomidae Carpiodes carpio river carpsucker Carpiodes cyprinus quilback Carpiodes velifer highfin carpsucker Erimyzon oblongus creek chubsucker Hypentelium nigricans northern hogsucker 1 2 Ictiobus bubalus smallmouth buffalo Ictiobus niger black buffalo Minytrema melanops spotted sucker Moxostoma anisurum silver redhorse Moxostoma breviceps smallmouth redhorse Moxostoma carinatum river redhorse Moxostoma duquesnei black redhorse Moxostoma erythrurum golden redhorse Ictaluidae Ameiurus melas black bullhead Ameiurus natalis yellow bullhead 2 Ictalurus punctatus channel catfish Noturus exilis slender madtom 2 Noturus funebris black madtom 3 Noturus gyrinus tadpole madtom Noturus miurus brindled madtom Noturus nocturnus freckled madtom Pylodictis olivaris flathead catfish Esocidae Esox americanus redfin pickerel Esox niger chain pickerel Aphrendoderidae Aphredoderus sayanus pirate perch Belonidae Strongylura marina Atlantic needlefish Fundulidae Fundulus catenatus northern studfish Fundulus olivaceus blackspotted topminnow 7 1 1 Poeciliidae Gambusia affinis western mosquitofish Atherinopsidae Labidesthes sicculus brook silverside 117 Appendix B Continued ? Site 40 Continued. Site 40 40 40 40 40 Year 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 Species Common Name Cottidae Cottus carolinae banded sculpin 4 Moronidae Morone chrysops white bass Morone mississippiensis yellow bass Morone saxatilis striped bass Centrarchidae Ambloplites rupestris rock bass Lepomis auritus redbreast sunfish Lepomis cyanellus green sunfish 2 1 Lepomis gulosus warmouth Lepomis humilis orangespotted sunfish Lepomis macrochirus bluegill 4 2 Lepomis marginatus dollar sunfish 6 1 1 Lepomis megalotis longear sunfish 1 3 Lepomis microlophus redear sunfish Lepomis miniatus redspotted sunfish Micropterus dolomieui smallmouth bass Micropterus punctulatus spotted bass Micropterus salmoides largemouth bass 1 Pomoxis annularis white crappie Pomoxis nigromaculatus black crappie Lepomis spp. sunfish hybrid Percidae Etheostoma blennioides greenside darter Etheostoma caeruleum rainbow darter 2 Etheostoma duryi black darter 1 Etheostoma flabellare fantail darter Etheostoma histrio harlequin darter Etheostoma jessiae blueside darter Etheostoma kennicotti stripetail darter Etheostoma nigripinne blackfin dater Etheostoma nigrum johnny darter Etheostoma parvipinne goldstripe darter Etheostoma rufilineatum redline darter 2 2 Etheostoma tennesseense Tennessee darter Etheostoma simoterum Tennessee snubnose darter 3 Etheostoma stigmaeum speckled darter Etheostoma zonistium bandfin darter Etheostoma sp. Cf. zonistum blueface darter Perca flavescens yellow perch Percina caprodes logperch 1 Percina evides gilt darter Percina phoxocephala slenderhead darter Percina sciera dusky darter Percina shumardi river darter Sciaenidae Aplodinotus grunniens freshwater drum 118 APPENDIX C LAND COVER AND WATERSHED AREA FOR ALL COLLECTIONS SITES CALCULATED FROM NATIONAL LANDCOVER DATASETS 2001 AND 2006, AND USGS STREAMSTATS 119 Appendix C ? Land cover for study sites in the Bear Creek system. Land cover for collections made prior to 2001 was calculated from the National Landcover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001) and landcover for collections made after 2007 was calculated from National Landcover Dataset 2006 (NLCD2006). Land cover from NLCD 2001 and NLCD 2006 are reported for sites that were surveyed during both before 2001 and after 2007. Watershed area, impervious land cover, and urban cover were calculated from USGS Stream Stats which is based on NLCD 2006. Land cover type is reported as a percentage of total area. Site Land Cover Source Area (mi2) Im pe rvi ou s Land cove r Urban C over Open W ate r Deve lop ed, Open S pa ce Deve lop ed, Low Deve lop ed, Me diu m Deve lop ed, Hi gh Barr en Dec idu ous Fores t Pine For est Mi xed Fore st Sh rub Gras sland Past ur e Cult ivat ed Crops Woody Wet land s Her ba ceou s Wet land s 1 NLCD 2006 8.8 0.2 1.9 0.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 59.8 9.2 6.8 18.7 0.1 2.5 0.2 0.5 0.0 2 NLCD 2006 68.1 0.6 3.4 0.1 2.9 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 52.8 6.5 4.0 18.3 2.8 7.5 3.1 1.2 0.1 3 NLCD 2006 56.9 0.6 3.3 0.0 2.9 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 51.5 6.4 3.5 18.4 3.3 8.4 3.6 1.2 0.1 4 NLCD 2006 26.5 0.2 2.0 0.0 2.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 65.4 6.8 3.3 15.1 5.2 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.0 5 NLCD 2006 10.2 0.9 5.4 0.0 4.4 1.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 36.2 14.4 17.1 15.2 2.1 3.0 3.8 2.1 0.0 6 NLCD 2001 4.8 1.4 7.0 0.1 5.1 2.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 33.2 13.1 20.8 11.6 0.0 4.0 6.7 2.7 0.1 NLCD 2006 4.8 1.4 7.0 0.0 5.4 2.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 35.5 15.4 15.4 12.4 0.6 3.7 5.8 2.9 0.1 7 NLCD 2006 55.8 0.8 4.8 0.6 4.0 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.9 20.6 17.5 16.0 10.4 4.4 10.2 5.1 8.9 0.2 8 NLCD 2006 2.8 0.3 3.3 0.0 3.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 62.9 7.1 7.2 18.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 9 NLCD 2006 734.1 1.0 5.1 2.0 4.1 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 39.6 10.1 5.7 14.3 2.6 15.8 2.2 1.4 0.1 10 NLCD 2006 736.4 1.0 5.1 2.0 4.1 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 39.8 10.3 5.6 14.4 2.5 15.7 2.2 1.4 0.1 11 NLCD 2006 723.3 1.0 5.2 2.1 4.0 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 39.6 10.1 5.7 14.7 2.6 15.8 2.1 1.4 0.1 12 NLCD 2001 721.7 1.0 5.2 2.1 3.9 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 38.4 10.4 6.1 16.0 0.7 16.4 2.7 1.4 0.1 NLCD 2006 721.7 1.0 5.2 2.1 3.9 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 39.5 10.4 5.7 14.3 2.6 16.0 2.1 1.4 0.1 13 NLCD 2001 329.0 1.2 5.8 1.5 4.3 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 32.3 12.5 7.9 11.3 1.0 21.2 3.7 2.0 0.2 NLCD 2006 329.0 1.2 5.8 1.2 3.7 1.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 27.3 10.5 6.3 9.2 2.6 17.8 17.8 1.6 0.1 14 NLCD 2001 321.9 1.2 5.8 1.5 4.4 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 31.9 12.7 7.7 11.5 1.0 21.5 3.8 2.0 0.2 NLCD 2006 321.9 1.2 5.8 1.4 4.4 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 32.0 12.2 7.4 11.0 3.0 21.2 3.1 2.0 0.1 15 NLCD 2001 313.0 1.3 5.8 1.5 4.4 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 31.7 12.5 7.6 11.4 1.1 21.9 3.8 1.9 0.2 NLCD 2006 313.0 1.3 5.8 1.4 4.5 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 32.0 12.2 7.2 11.0 3.0 21.4 3.1 1.9 0.1 120 Appendix C ? Land cover for study sites in the Bear Creek system. Land cover for collections made prior to 2001 was calculated from the National Landcover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001) and landcover for collections made after 2007 was calculated from National Landcover Dataset 2006 (NLCD2006). Land cover from NLCD 2001 and NLCD 2006 are reported for sites that were surveyed during both before 2001 and after 2007. Watershed area, impervious land cover, and urban cover were calculated from USGS Stream Stats which is based on NLCD 2006. Land cover type is reported as a percentage of total area. Site Land Cover Source Area (mi2) Im pe rvi ou s Land cove r Urban C over Open W ate r Deve lop ed, Open S pa ce Deve lop ed, Low Deve lop ed, Me diu m Deve lop ed, Hi gh Barr en Dec idu ous Fores t Pine For est Mi xed Fore st Sh rub Gras sland Past ur e Cult ivat ed Crops Woody Wet land s Her ba ceou s Wet land s 16 NLCD 2006 261.5 1.0 5.5 1.6 4.5 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 34.6 12.7 7.5 10.8 3.3 20.5 1.6 1.1 0.0 17 NLCD 2006 250.2 1.1 5.6 1.7 4.6 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 34.3 12.7 7.8 10.5 3.0 20.7 1.6 1.1 0.0 18 NLCD 2001 201.3 1.2 6.0 1.6 4.9 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 30.0 14.6 9.3 9.1 1.6 23.4 2.4 1.2 0.0 NLCD 2006 201.3 1.2 6.0 1.5 5.0 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.4 30.1 14.0 8.8 8.9 3.4 23.2 1.7 1.2 0.0 19 NLCD 2001 182.2 1.3 6.4 1.7 5.1 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 27.7 15.0 9.8 8.8 1.9 24.3 2.4 1.3 0.0 NLCD 2006 182.2 1.3 6.4 1.7 5.2 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.4 27.6 14.4 9.2 8.7 3.7 24.2 1.7 1.4 0.0 20 NLCD 2001 126.5 1.4 6.8 2.3 5.5 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.5 24.2 14.9 10.9 7.0 2.5 26.3 2.3 1.7 0.0 21 NLCD 2001 19.0 0.3 2.9 0.1 3.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 35.8 18.9 14.9 7.1 1.0 15.0 1.0 3.0 0.0 NLCD 2006 19.0 0.3 2.9 0.1 3.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 36.2 19.8 14.9 6.9 1.1 14.2 0.5 3.0 0.0 22 NLCD 2006 1.8 0.2 2.6 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 27.1 10.8 15.5 8.5 0.5 33.4 0.1 1.1 0.0 23 NLCD 2006 2.4 0.5 3.7 0.2 3.9 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 27.6 5.5 11.9 4.6 6.5 35.9 1.2 2.5 0.0 24 NLCD 2006 4.8 0.5 3.7 0.9 3.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 32.3 14.0 11.5 5.7 1.6 27.8 1.2 0.8 0.0 26 NLCD 2006 2.9 0.7 4.8 0.2 4.7 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 33.4 12.4 9.7 2.8 9.9 25.9 0.0 0.3 0.0 25 NLCD 2001 7.1 0.7 4.5 0.1 4.5 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 35.2 10.6 8.7 5.2 2.6 30.4 1.0 1.0 0.0 NLCD 2006 7.1 0.7 4.5 0.1 4.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 31.6 11.9 8.9 5.3 5.2 30.9 0.2 1.0 0.0 27 NLCD 2006 50.5 0.2 2.2 0.0 2.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 59.7 6.0 1.6 22.2 2.9 2.7 1.1 1.2 0.1 28 NLCD 2006 8.5 0.2 2.3 0.0 2.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 73.2 3.2 1.0 13.1 0.2 5.8 0.8 0.2 0.0 29 NLCD 2006 329.9 1.0 4.9 3.1 3.6 1.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 43.5 9.3 4.6 16.9 2.1 13.1 1.1 0.6 0.1 30 NLCD 2006 307.8 1.0 5.0 3.3 3.7 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.3 43.7 9.1 4.2 16.9 2.0 13.2 1.0 0.5 0.1 121 Appendix C ? Land cover for study sites in the Bear Creek system. Land cover for collections made prior to 2001 was calculated from the National Landcover Dataset 2001 (NLCD 2001) and landcover for collections made after 2007 was calculated from National Landcover Dataset 2006 (NLCD2006). Land cover from NLCD 2001 and NLCD 2006 are reported for sites that were surveyed during both before 2001 and after 2007. Watershed area, impervious land cover, and urban cover were calculated from USGS Stream Stats which is based on NLCD 2006. Land cover type is reported as a percentage of total area. Site Land Cover Source Area (mi2) Im pe rvi ou s Land cove r Urban Cover Open W ate r Deve lop ed, Open S pa ce Deve lop ed, Low Deve lop ed, Me diu m Deve lop ed, Hi gh Barr en Dec idu ous Fores t Pine Fo res t Mi xed Fore st Sh rub Gras sland Past ur e Cult ivat ed Crops Woody Wet land s Her ba ceou s Wet land s 31 NLCD 2006 306.1 1.1 5.0 3.3 3.7 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.3 43.8 9.1 4.2 16.9 2.1 13.1 1.0 0.5 0.1 32 NLCD 2001 303.3 1.1 5.1 5.7 6.4 2.5 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.5 14.8 7.8 32.3 1.0 24.2 2.6 0.9 0.2 NLCD 2006 303.3 1.1 5.1 3.3 3.7 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.3 43.7 9.1 4.2 16.8 2.1 13.2 1.0 0.5 0.1 33 NLCD 2006 185.1 1.4 5.9 4.0 4.0 2.0 0.5 0.2 0.4 42.1 9.2 5.0 15.5 1.7 13.7 1.2 0.5 0.1 34 NLCD 2006 98.5 2.1 8.2 0.8 4.8 3.2 0.9 0.3 0.5 38.3 9.9 6.4 10.5 2.2 19.9 1.5 0.8 0.0 35 NLCD 2001 55.1 3.2 11.4 0.6 5.9 4.8 1.4 0.4 0.7 31.8 8.7 7.1 8.5 2.4 24.4 2.3 0.9 0.0 NLCD 2006 55.1 3.2 11.4 0.6 5.9 4.9 1.3 0.4 0.9 31.2 9.1 6.9 8.6 3.3 24.1 1.8 0.9 0.0 36 NLCD 2001 66.0 0.7 4.2 3.9 3.3 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.2 49.5 5.6 3.5 15.8 0.0 15.7 1.1 0.4 0.1 NLCD 2006 66.0 0.7 4.2 0.0 3.7 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.2 52.4 6.0 3.3 15.3 1.1 15.6 0.7 0.3 0.0 37 NLCD 2001 34.6 1.1 5.7 0.6 4.2 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 46.7 6.1 4.5 11.2 0.0 23.4 1.0 0.3 0.0 NLCD 2006 34.6 1.1 5.7 0.5 4.4 1.3 0.5 0.1 0.4 47.2 5.4 4.2 11.1 0.9 23.0 0.7 0.3 0.0 38 NLCD 2001 24.2 1.4 6.7 0.8 4.5 1.6 0.5 0.1 0.5 44.1 6.9 5.3 9.9 0.0 24.6 0.9 0.4 0.0 NLCD 2006 24.2 1.4 6.7 0.7 4.8 1.7 0.7 0.1 0.5 44.2 6.0 4.9 9.9 1.1 24.3 0.6 0.4 0.0 39 NLCD 2001 12.1 2.3 9.7 1.1 5.8 2.4 0.9 0.2 0.9 40.0 6.7 5.6 12.0 0.0 23.0 0.7 0.7 0.0 NLCD 2006 12.1 2.3 9.7 0.9 6.6 2.7 1.3 0.2 1.1 40.2 5.9 5.3 11.8 0.4 22.6 0.4 0.7 0.0 40 NLCD 2001 4.3 2.3 9.2 1.5 4.6 2.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 41.1 5.7 4.4 17.5 0.0 20.7 1.0 1.1 0.1 NLCD 2006 4.3 2.3 9.2 1.4 5.6 2.9 1.5 0.0 1.0 41.2 4.7 4.4 16.2 0.0 19.6 0.5 1.0 0.0 122 APPENDIX D RELATIVE ABUNDANCES OF SITES IN THE BEAR CREEK SYSTEM SURVEYED IN 1998-2000, 2007-2009, and 2012-2013 123 Appendix D. Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 6 (GSA ID: PC-2) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.154 Year: 1968 1998 2009 2012 2013 rosefin shiner 0.45 striped shiner 0.46 rough shiner 0.32 rough shiner 0.52 rough shiner 0.57 blackspotted topminnow 0.4 black darter 0.23 bluehead chub 0.13 creek chub 0.13 bluehead chub 0.17 American brook lamprey 0.05 blackspotted topminnow 0.15 striped shiner 0.1 bluehead chub 0.08 striped shiner 0.07 banded sculpin 0.05 largescale stoneroller 0.08 largescale stoneroller 0.07 striped shiner 0.08 weed shiner 0.07 black darter 0.05 rough shiner 0.08 longear sunfish 0.07 mimic shiner 0.04 Tennessee darter 0.03 largescale stoneroller 0 American brook lamprey 0 bandfin darter 0.05 spotfin shiner 0.03 bandfin darter 0.03 spotfin shiner 0 spotfin shiner 0 creek chubsucker 0.04 largescale stoneroller 0.02 bluegill 0.02 striped shiner 0 rosefin shiner 0 bluegill 0.04 blackspotted topminnow 0.02 black madtom 0.01 scarlet shiner 0 scarlet shiner 0 blackfin dater 0.02 bandfin darter 0.02 green sunfish 0.01 bluehead chub 0 bluehead chub 0 black madtom 0.02 scarlet shiner 0.01 rainbow darter 0.01 124 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID:12 (GSA ID:BC-7) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.400 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 largescale stoneroller 0.198 redline darter 0.218 weed shiner 0.169 bluegill 0.192 northern hogsucker 0.198 redear sunfish 0.189 mimic shiner 0.149 rough shiner 0.184 banded sculpin 0.167 largescale stoneroller 0.144 largescale stoneroller 0.142 mimic shiner 0.184 mimic shiner 0.125 mimic shiner 0.076 redline darter 0.113 weed shiner 0.146 white crappie 0.063 northern hogsucker 0.059 brook silverside 0.106 largescale stoneroller 0.099 redline darter 0.063 western mosquitofish 0.049 northern hogsucker 0.060 northern studfish 0.029 spotfin shiner 0.042 logperch 0.049 northern studfish 0.060 logperch 0.029 bullhead minnow 0.042 banded sculpin 0.045 banded sculpin 0.056 northern hogsucker 0.023 northern studfish 0.021 northern studfish 0.038 largemouth bass 0.026 redline darter 0.020 western mosquitofish 0.021 spotfin shiner 0.023 western mosquitofish 0.023 western mosquitofish 0.017 125 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 13 (GSA ID:BC-8) Total Similarity 1999-2013: 0.292 Year: 1968 1999 2008 2012 2013 longear sunfish 0.290 northern hogsucker 0.182 redline darter 0.585 weed shiner 0.427 redline darter 0.198 steelcolor shiner 0.129 spotfin shiner 0.121 largescale stoneroller 0.153 mimic shiner 0.161 weed shiner 0.157 striped shiner 0.129 dusky darter 0.121 spotfin shiner 0.043 redline darter 0.137 spotfin shiner 0.149 telescope shiner 0.129 striped shiner 0.106 longear sunfish 0.033 largescale stoneroller 0.089 mimic shiner 0.124 golden shiner 0.065 steelcolor shiner 0.091 northern hogsucker 0.020 spotfin shiner 0.032 bluegill 0.116 logperch 0.065 mimic shiner 0.061 mimic shiner 0.018 northern hogsucker 0.024 brook silverside 0.083 dusky darter 0.065 banded sculpin 0.061 blackspotted topminnow 0.018 banded sculpin 0.024 largescale stoneroller 0.033 blackspotted topminnow 0.032 bullhead minnow 0.045 logperch 0.018 gilt darter 0.024 logperch 0.033 banded sculpin 0.032 black redhorse 0.045 gilt darter 0.015 dusky darter 0.024 gilt darter 0.025 spotted bass 0.032 blackspotted topminnow 0.045 striped shiner 0.013 highland shiner 0.016 western mosquitofish 0.017 126 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 15 (GSA ID:BC-10) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.368 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 steelcolor shiner 0.26 striped shiner 0.44 largescale stoneroller 0.28 redline darter 0.34 largescale stoneroller 0.21 striped shiner 0.34 emerald shiner 0.24 dusky darter 0.14 redline darter 0.14 largescale stoneroller 0.26 longear sunfish 0.2 northern hogsucker 0.14 striped shiner 0.17 northern hogsucker 0.12 longear sunfish 0.1 northern hogsucker 0.12 northern hogsucker 0.11 largescale stoneroller 0.12 largescale stoneroller 0.07 golden redhorse 0.09 highland shiner 0.09 longear sunfish 0.1 redline darter 0.11 western mosquitofish 0.1 banded sculpin 0.05 spotfin shiner 0.05 striped shiner 0.06 spotfin shiner 0.03 striped shiner 0.1 highland shiner 0.04 longear sunfish 0.05 largescale stoneroller 0.04 northern hogsucker 0.06 highland shiner 0.02 mimic shiner 0.08 blackspotted topminnow 0.04 slenderhead darter 0.05 creek chub 0.04 western mosquitofish 0.04 striped shiner 0.02 black darter 0.04 logperch 0.04 dusky darter 0.05 spotted bass 0.04 green sunfish 0.04 blackspotted topminnow 0.02 gilt darter 0.03 mimic shiner 0.03 blackspotted topminnow 0.02 western mosquitofish 0.02 weed shiner 0.03 channel catfish 0.01 spotted bass 0.02 northern studfish 0.03 bluegill 0.02 river chub 0.01 blackspotted topminnow 0.02 bluegill 0.01 highland shiner 0.01 spotfin shiner 0.02 127 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 19 (GSA ID:BC-14) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.316 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 pretty shiner 0.269 steelcolor shiner 0.297 largescale stoneroller 0.346 redline darter 0.670 largescale stoneroller 0.309 redline darter 0.580 striped shiner 0.237 rosyface shiner 0.297 spotfin shiner 0.296 spotfin shiner 0.086 highland shiner 0.294 largescale stoneroller 0.224 spotfin shiner 0.172 redline darter 0.271 redline darter 0.103 largescale stoneroller 0.064 spotfin shiner 0.103 spotfin shiner 0.058 telescope shiner 0.118 largescale stoneroller 0.068 striped shiner 0.063 striped shiner 0.022 redline darter 0.103 striped shiner 0.039 largescale stoneroller 0.022 logperch 0.034 northern hogsucker 0.047 pretty shiner 0.022 striped shiner 0.074 pretty shiner 0.029 emerald shiner 0.022 pretty shiner 0.017 dollar sunfish 0.033 bluegill 0.022 northern hogsucker 0.059 speckled darter 0.018 bullhead minnow 0.022 greenside darter 0.008 blackspotted topminnow 0.022 rough shiner 0.015 logperch 0.059 logperch 0.016 black redhorse 0.022 speckled darter 0.008 smallmouth bass 0.019 dollar sunfish 0.015 steelcolor shiner 0.000 longear sunfish 0.008 greenside darter 0.022 spotfin shiner 0.000 rainbow darter 0.016 highland shiner 0.011 pretty shiner 0.000 banded sculpin 0.006 rough shiner 0.011 striped shiner 0.000 scarlet shiner 0.011 bluntnose minnow 0.011 scarlet shiner 0.000 greenside darter 0.006 128 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 20 (GSA ID:BC-15 Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.125 Year: 1968 2000 2008 2012 speckled darter 0.41 whitetail shiner 0.698 rosyside dace 0.852 largescale stoneroller 0.604 blueface darter 0.35 largescale stoneroller 0.226 whitetail shiner 0.046 scarlet shiner 0.132 striped shiner 0.06 smallmouth bass 0.038 pretty shiner 0.029 pretty shiner 0.094 steelcolor shiner 0.04 dollar sunfish 0.019 smallmouth bass 0.018 whitetail shiner 0.063 bigeye chub 0.04 longear sunfish 0.019 northern hogsucker 0.013 ribbon shiner 0.050 northern hogsucker 0.04 bluegill 0.011 northern hogsucker 0.025 rough shiner 0.02 green sunfish 0.009 blueside darter 0.013 bluntnose minnow 0.02 dollar sunfish 0.009 spotted sucker 0.006 greenside darter 0.02 blackspotted topminnow 0.005 tadpole madtom 0.006 flathead catfish 0.004 smallmouth bass 0.006 129 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 21 (GSA ID:BC-16) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.526 Year: 1968 1998 2009 2013 pretty shiner 0.478 pretty shiner 0.357 bluegill 0.272 rough shiner 0.240 rough shiner 0.408 rough shiner 0.238 pretty shiner 0.162 largescale stoneroller 0.171 bluegill 0.033 speckled darter 0.232 largescale stoneroller 0.145 speckled darter 0.143 speckled darter 0.033 striped shiner 0.054 speckled darter 0.127 striped shiner 0.087 bluntnose minnow 0.022 blackspotted topminnow 0.022 dollar sunfish 0.092 pretty shiner 0.087 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.016 river chub 0.016 blueface darter 0.058 bluehead chub 0.052 striped shiner 0.005 bluegill 0.016 striped shiner 0.040 blackspotted topminnow 0.052 bluehead chub 0.005 dollar sunfish 0.016 blackspotted topminnow 0.023 northern hogsucker 0.045 largescale stoneroller 0.000 blueface darter 0.016 creek chub 0.017 longear sunfish 0.038 river chub 0.000 largescale stoneroller 0.011 northern hogsucker 0.017 tadpole madtom 0.021 130 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 25 (GSA ID: ULB-2) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.235 Year: 1968 1998 2009 2012 2013 rough shiner 0.679 bluegill 0.527 bluegill 0.238 striped shiner 0.409 rough shiner 0.257 bluehead chub 0.138 largescale stoneroller 0.162 largescale stoneroller 0.221 rough shiner 0.150 largescale stoneroller 0.159 striped shiner 0.082 northern hogsucker 0.081 smallmouth bass 0.149 largescale stoneroller 0.126 scarlet shiner 0.159 river chub 0.050 striped shiner 0.068 striped shiner 0.077 blueface darter 0.094 striped shiner 0.124 speckled darter 0.044 smallmouth bass 0.068 blackspotted topminnow 0.060 bluehead chub 0.055 blackspotted topminnow 0.102 northern hogsucker 0.006 blackspotted topminnow 0.054 creek chub 0.051 ribbon shiner 0.031 bluegill 0.049 largescale stoneroller 0.000 green sunfish 0.041 spotted bass 0.047 creek chub 0.031 Tennessee darter 0.049 pretty shiner 0.000 pretty shiner 0.000 blueface darter 0.047 blackspotted topminnow 0.031 blueside darter 0.035 scarlet shiner 0.000 scarlet shiner 0.000 speckled darter 0.026 smallmouth bass 0.031 bluehead chub 0.013 ribbon shiner 0.000 ribbon shiner 0.000 pretty shiner 0.017 pretty shiner 0.024 creek chub 0.013 131 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 32 (GSA IS:CC-4) Total Similarity 1999-2012: 0.280 Year: 1968 1999 2008 2009 2012 spotfin shiner 0.362 largescale stoneroller 0.356 redline darter 0.353 redline darter 0.269 redline darter 0.207 largescale stoneroller 0.324 redline darter 0.356 longear sunfish 0.208 striped shiner 0.207 striped shiner 0.195 creek chub 0.076 spotfin shiner 0.067 largescale stoneroller 0.118 largescale stoneroller 0.140 golden redhorse 0.149 northern hogsucker 0.057 striped shiner 0.067 spotfin shiner 0.076 longear sunfish 0.114 northern studfish 0.126 northern studfish 0.057 whitetail shiner 0.022 bluntnose minnow 0.028 spotfin shiner 0.057 largescale stoneroller 0.069 banded sculpin 0.057 northern hogsucker 0.022 Tennessee darter 0.028 northern hogsucker 0.047 northern hogsucker 0.046 bluntnose minnow 0.019 northern studfish 0.022 blackspotted topminnow 0.024 gilt darter 0.041 gilt darter 0.046 steelcolor shiner 0.010 blackspotted topminnow 0.022 western mosquitofish 0.017 Tennessee darter 0.021 longear sunfish 0.034 striped shiner 0.010 western mosquitofish 0.022 logperch 0.017 northern studfish 0.016 bluntnose minnow 0.023 emerald shiner 0.010 brook silverside 0.022 northern hogsucker 0.014 weed shiner 0.010 spotted bass 0.023 132 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 35 (GSA ID:CC-11) Total Similarity 1968-2013: 0.265 / 0.360 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 MAY 2013 AUG rosefin shiner 0.387 spotfin shiner 0.333 largescale stoneroller 0.446 dollar sunfish 0.204 black darter 0.209 largescale stoneroller 0.198 redline darter pretty shiner 0.355 rosefin shiner 0.294 striped shiner 0.142 scarlet shiner 0.142 northern studfish 0.154 Tennessee darter 0.192 striped shiner green sunfish 0.097 ribbon shiner 0.098 redline darter 0.112 rainbow darter 0.108 largescale stoneroller 0.106 greenside darter 0.088 Tennessee darter largescale stoneroller 0.032 redline darter 0.059 rainbow darter 0.050 largescale stoneroller 0.073 greenside darter 0.103 black darter 0.072 spotfin shiner spotfin shiner 0.032 striped shiner 0.039 Tennessee darter 0.050 redline darter 0.071 redline darter 0.098 longear sunfish 0.063 northern hogsucker striped shiner 0.032 brook silverside 0.039 northern hogsucker 0.048 striped shiner 0.064 spotfin shiner 0.070 bluntnose minnow 0.053 scarlet shiner northern hogsucker 0.032 rainbow darter 0.039 greenside darter 0.045 Tennessee darter 0.055 bigeye chub 0.053 bigeye chub 0.047 bigeye chub redline darter 0.032 largescale stoneroller 0.020 spotfin shiner 0.027 spotfin shiner 0.043 logperch 0.045 bluegill 0.038 bluehead chub longnose far 0.000 bluntnose minnow 0.020 dollar sunfish 0.015 blackspotted topminnow 0.034 striped shiner 0.031 redline darter 0.031 longear sunfish bigeye chub 0.000 western mosquitofish 0.020 bigeye chub 0.011 greenside darter 0.030 western mosquitofish 0.031 green sunfish 0.028 largescale stoneroller 133 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID:36 (GSA ID: LBC-2) Total Similarity 1998- 2013: 0.320 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2009 2012 2013 redline darter 0.408 striped shiner 0.677 largescale stoneroller 0.318 largescale stoneroller 0.309 largescale stoneroller 0.484 largescale stoneroller 0.294 American brook lamprey 0.215 whitetail shiner 0.116 striped shiner 0.317 redline darter 0.275 striped shiner 0.187 black darter 0.222 rainbow darter 0.200 black darter 0.061 redline darter 0.095 Tennessee darter 0.113 redline darter 0.132 rainbow darter 0.165 striped shiner 0.062 largescale stoneroller 0.051 Tennessee darter 0.068 rainbow darter 0.076 scarlet shiner 0.044 Tennessee darter 0.048 banded sculpin 0.046 bluntnose minnow 0.020 rock bass 0.031 greenside darter 0.058 banded sculpin 0.044 striped shiner 0.044 largescale stoneroller 0.015 golden redhorse 0.015 banded sculpin 0.025 striped shiner 0.048 creek chub 0.022 scarlet shiner 0.040 blueside darter 0.015 rainbow darter 0.015 greenside darter 0.025 banded sculpin 0.031 rainbow darter 0.022 blueside darter 0.036 chesnut lamprey 0.008 rosyside dace 0.010 northern hogsucker 0.023 black darter 0.021 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.022 rock bass 0.028 whitetail shiner 0.008 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.010 dollar sunfish 0.021 blueside darter 0.014 rough shiner 0.011 bluntnose minnow 0.024 rosefin shiner 0.008 bandfin darter 0.010 blueside darter 0.015 bluntnose minnow 0.007 northern studfish 0.011 redline darter 0.016 134 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 37 (GSA ID:LBC-4) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.240 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2009 2013 golden redhorse 0.208 rosefin shiner 0.809 Tennessee darter 0.321 largescale stoneroller 0.470 largescale stoneroller 0.203 whitetail shiner 0.181 rainbow darter 0.045 rainbow darter 0.151 redline darter 0.115 redline darter 0.203 banded sculpin 0.139 spotfin shiner 0.036 black darter 0.132 striped shiner 0.079 whitetail shiner 0.121 rainbow darter 0.125 largescale stoneroller 0.018 bigeye chub 0.113 bluegill 0.059 Tennessee darter 0.089 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.069 banded sculpin 0.018 striped shiner 0.094 banded sculpin 0.049 bigeye chub 0.076 telescope shiner 0.056 black darter 0.018 banded sculpin 0.057 bigeye chub 0.044 striped shiner 0.060 redline darter 0.056 redline darter 0.018 largescale stoneroller 0.038 longear sunfish 0.033 bluegill 0.044 northern hogsucker 0.042 bigeye chub 0.009 northern hogsucker 0.019 northern hogsucker 0.023 banded sculpin 0.041 striped shiner 0.028 northern hogsucker 0.009 blackspotted topminnow 0.019 Tennessee darter 0.023 rainbow darter 0.032 rosefin shiner 0.028 blueside darter 0.009 greenside darter 0.019 blackspotted topminnow 0.021 northern studfish 0.029 135 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 38 (GSA ID:LBC-5) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.280 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 rosefin shiner 0.296 whitetail shiner 0.267 Tennessee darter 0.256 striped shiner 0.230 largescale stoneroller 0.328 whitetail shiner 0.225 rosefin shiner 0.244 redline darter 0.209 redline darter 0.187 redline darter 0.250 bandfin darter 0.066 redline darter 0.200 black darter 0.151 northern studfish 0.182 bigeye chub 0.082 striped shiner 0.063 rainbow darter 0.111 rainbow darter 0.105 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.107 whitetail shiner 0.048 redline darter 0.051 ohio 0.067 scarlet shiner 0.093 northern hogsucker 0.075 striped shiner 0.045 bluntnose minnow 0.048 striped shiner 0.044 largescale stoneroller 0.047 largescale stoneroller 0.053 Tennessee darter 0.043 golden redhorse 0.045 largescale stoneroller 0.022 blackspotted topminnow 0.047 creek chub 0.027 blackspotted topminnow 0.037 bigeye chub 0.039 northern hogsucker 0.022 whitetail shiner 0.023 blackspotted topminnow 0.027 longear sunfish 0.025 largescale stoneroller 0.036 bluegill 0.022 bigeye chub 0.023 banded sculpin 0.027 bluntnose minnow 0.024 banded sculpin 0.033 0.000 striped shiner 0.012 whitetail shiner 0.016 rainbow darter 0.024 136 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 39 (GSA ID: LBC-6) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.095 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 rough shiner 0.343 rosefin shiner 0.241 largescale stoneroller 0.342 largescale stoneroller 0.340 scarlet shiner 0.366 whitetail shiner 0.182 largescale stoneroller 0.207 scarlet shiner 0.109 redline darter 0.212 largescale stoneroller 0.183 rosefin shiner 0.111 spotfin shiner 0.103 whitetail shiner 0.097 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.108 redline darter 0.097 telescope shiner 0.101 blackspotted topminnow 0.103 fantail darter 0.064 scarlet shiner 0.057 rainbow darter 0.065 river chub 0.061 stripetail darter 0.103 striped shiner 0.059 rainbow darter 0.057 whitetail shiner 0.054 bluehead chub 0.040 blackfin dater 0.103 bigeye chub 0.054 slender madtom 0.047 northern hogsucker 0.054 black darter 0.040 black darter 0.069 redline darter 0.052 black darter 0.042 bluegill 0.043 largescale stoneroller 0.030 northern hogsucker 0.034 black darter 0.047 creek chub 0.033 Tennessee darter 0.043 northern hogsucker 0.030 dollar sunfish 0.034 slender madtom 0.032 northern hogsucker 0.033 longear sunfish 0.022 bluntnose minnow 0.020 whitetail shiner 0.000 longear sunfish 0.032 bigeye chub 0.024 spotted bass 0.022 137 Appendix D. Continued ? Relative abundances of sites surveyed in 1998-2000, 2007-2009 and 2012-2013. Site ID: 40 (GSA ID:LBC-7) Total Similarity 1998-2013: 0.000 Year: 1968 1998 2008 2012 2013 blackspotted topminnow 0.538 dollar sunfish 0.750 largescale stoneroller 0.125 creek chub 0.474 scarlet shiner 0.464 bluegill 0.308 blackspotted topminnow 0.125 bigeye chub 0.125 banded sculpin 0.105 longear sunfish 0.107 green sunfish 0.154 green sunfish 0.125 striped shiner 0.125 black madtom 0.079 largescale stoneroller 0.071 largescale stoneroller 0.000 largescale stoneroller - creek chub 0.125 Tennessee snubnose darter 0.079 northern hogsucker 0.071 bigeye chub 0.000 bigeye chub 0.000 blackspotted topminnow 0.125 slender madtom 0.053 yellow bullhead 0.071 striped shiner 0.000 striped shiner 0.000 dollar sunfish 0.125 rainbow darter 0.053 bluegill 0.071 scarlet shiner 0.000 scarlet shiner 0.000 longear sunfish 0.125 redline darter 0.053 redline darter 0.071 creek chub 0.000 creek chub 0.000 black darter 0.125 largescale stoneroller 0.026 bigeye chub 0.036 northern hogsucker 0.000 northern hogsucker 0.000 scarlet shiner 0.000 northern hogsucker 0.026 largemouth bass 0.036 yellow bullhead 0.000 yellow bullhead 0.000 northern hogsucker 0.000 dollar sunfish 0.026 striped shiner 0.000