Evaluation of Realistic Mobility Model for Comparative Study of Routing Protocols in IEEE 802.11p (DSRC) Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET)

Abstract

As a countermeasure for rapidly changing topology and high mobility of vehicles, Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is emerging as a standard routing protocol. When used efficiently, an ad-hoc routing protocol could play a crucial role in VANET applications, safeguarding both drivers and passengers. In the earlier model, routing protocols were implemented on IEEE 802.11 technology-based environments in which the data was collected from vehicles within the city limit. Communication was among the vehicles themselves, or between vehicles and Road Side Units. This thesis introduces a realistic mobility model using the Auburn University as the venue. Communication is solely between vehicles as not enough Road Side Units are present in the venue chosen. To evaluate and support scalability and efficiency of protocols for VANET, simulations with realistic mobility models are needed. A plethora of research works and tools were explored to accurately evaluate the models. This thesis proposes to use SUMO to generate realistic vehicle movement based on geographic details of the area by using it in the NS-2 network simulator. To evaluate the efficiency and suitability of mobility models, the paper compares the performance between SUMO and Random Way Point mobility models with the IEEE 802.11p and IEEE 802.11a protocols. Furthermore, this thesis evaluates the performance among different types of ad-hoc routing protocols to find the most suitable one for the IEEE 802.11p environment. This simulation’s result reflects the in-depth comparison between reactive and proactive routing protocol. Results after analysis shows that DSDV is more suitable than AODV protocol for VANET that implemented on IEEE 802.11p.