Macro-propagation of native cane (Arundinaria spp.) in central Kentucky and restoration out-plantings in western Tennessee and southern Alabama.

Abstract

Canebrakes, monodominant stands of native bamboo (Arundinaria spp.; hereafter cane), are a critically endangered ecosystem in the Southeastern United States. Canebrakes have declined to <2% of their former range from overgrazing by livestock, land conversion, habitat fragmentation, and fire suppression. Canebrakes are important for wildlife habitat, riparian buffers, and Native American ethnobotany. In cane macro-propagation trials, I investigated mother plant collection site and time-since-transplantation effects on rhizome production. Additionally, I assessed the effects of collection site and container type on propagule survival, growth rate, and final aboveground growth. In out-planting trials, I investigated the effects of shade, mulch, and fertilizer on survival and growth of propagules. My results indicate that an interaction between time and collection site affected rhizome production. Propagule survival was affected by collection site and final size was affected by collection site and container type. I suggest using macro-propagation for small-scale canebrake restoration (<10 ha).