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Effect of the Degree and Duration of Early Dietary Amino Acid Restrictions on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Serum Metabolites of Pigs, and Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Pork


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dc.contributor.advisorChiba, Lee
dc.contributor.advisorKuhlers, Darylen_US
dc.contributor.advisorKerth, Christopheren_US
dc.contributor.authorKamalakar, Rajeshen_US
dc.date.accessioned2008-09-09T21:26:03Z
dc.date.available2008-09-09T21:26:03Z
dc.date.issued2008-12-15en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10415/973
dc.description.abstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the degree and duration of early dietary amino acid restrictions on growth performance, serum metabolites, internal organ weights, and carcass traits of pigs, and subjective meat quality scores and physical and sensory characteristics of pork. For the grower (G) and finisher 1 (F1) phases, 3 corn-soybean meal diets were formulated to contain 100, 80, or 60% of the 1998 NRC total lysine recommendation (100G, 80G, or 60G, and 100F1, 80F1, or 60F1, for the G and F1 phases, respectively). For the finisher 2 (F2) phase, a common corn-soybean meal diet was formulated to satisfy the 1998 NRC total lysine recommendation. Thirty gilts and 30 castrated males (2 gilts or 2 castrated males/pen) were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments [100G-100F1 (control), 80G-100F1, 80G-80F1, 60G-100F1, and 60G-60F1] when they weighed 22.7 ± 0.3 kg. Pigs were switched to F1 and F2 diets when they weighed 50.7 ± 0.4 and 79.9 ± 0.5 kg, respectively. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study. Blood samples were collected at the end of the G, F1, and F2 phases. All pigs were slaughtered when they weighed 110.7 ± 0.5 kg, and standard carcass data and internal organ weight data were collected. The LM samples were collected for the assessment of physical and sensory characteristics of pork. Pigs fed the 60G diet had lower (P < 0.05) ADG during the G phase and greater (P < 0.05) ultrasound backfat (UBF) at the end of the G phase than those fed the 100G diet, and ADG decreased linearly (R2 = 0.70; P < 0.001) as the degree of amino acid restrictions increased, indicating that the effort to depress growth performance and alter body composition by early dietary AA restrictions was successful. Although serum total protein (TP) and albumin in pigs fed the 60G-100F1 diets at the end of the G phase were lower (P < 0.05) than those fed the control G and F1 diets, TP was similar between the 2 groups at the end of the F1 phase. Their ADG during the F1 phase and UBF at the end of the F1 phase were, however, similar to those fed the control diets. Feeding the 80G diet resulted in numerically depressed ADG during the G phase, but there was no difference in ADG during the F1 and F2 phases or UBF at the end of F1 and F2 phases between the pigs fed the 80G and 100G diets. Overall, pigs fed the 80G-80F1 diets had similar ADG, but they had less (P < 0.05) lean gain (LG) than those fed the control diets. They also had lower (P < 0.05) serum TP and albumin than pigs fed the control diets throughout the study. Pigs fed the 60G-60F1 diets had clearly lower (P < 0.05) overall ADG and G:F and less (P < 0.05) LM area and LG compared with those fed the control G and F1 diets. However, they had higher (P < 0.05) subjective marbling score than those fed the control diets. Dietary treatments had no clear effect on other serum metabolites, carcass backfat, subjective color and firmness scores, organ weights, or physical and sensory characteristics of pork. The results of the present study indicated that pigs fed the 80G-80F1 diets may have exhibited compensatory growth in terms of weight gain but not in terms of lean accretion. On the other hand, growth performance and carcass traits of pigs fed the 60G-60F1 diets were clearly depressed, indicating that the amino acid restrictions may have been too severe or too long or both. Early dietary AA restrictions had no clear effect on physical and sensory characteristics of pork. Key words: carcass traits, early amino acid restrictions, growth performance, physical and sensory pork characteristics, pigs, serum metabolitesen_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.subjectAnimal Sciencesen_US
dc.titleEffect of the Degree and Duration of Early Dietary Amino Acid Restrictions on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Serum Metabolites of Pigs, and Physical and Sensory Characteristics of Porken_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
dc.embargo.lengthNO_RESTRICTIONen_US
dc.embargo.statusNOT_EMBARGOEDen_US

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